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Ecological restoration, or ecosystem restoration, is the process of assisting the recovery of an ecosystem that has been degraded, damaged, destroyed [1] or transformed. [2] It is distinct from conservation in that it attempts to retroactively repair already damaged ecosystems rather than take preventative measures.
River restoration to restore ecosystem services is one common application of ecological engineering Ecological engineering uses ecology and engineering to predict, design, construct or restore, and manage ecosystems that integrate " human society with its natural environment for the benefit of both".
Wild by Design: The Rise of Ecological Restoration is a 2022 book by Laura J. Martin, Associate Professor of Environmental Studies at Williams College. [1] [2] The book explains how ecological restoration became a global pursuit. [3] Martin defines restoration as "an attempt to co-design nature with non-human collaborators."
The United Nations decade on Ecosystem Restoration began on World Environment Day, 5 June 2021. In a June 2021 report to help launch the decade, the UN called for nations to deliver on existing ecosystem restoration commitments, which in total add up to over 1 billion hectares, an area bigger than China. About half the world's GDP is directly ...
Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA) describes a variety of approaches for adapting to climate change, all of which involve the management of ecosystems to reduce the vulnerability of human communities to the impacts of climate change such as storm and flood damage to physical assets, coastal erosion, salinisation of freshwater resources, and loss of agricultural productivity.
Applied ecologists often use one or more of the following approaches, namely, observation, experimentation, and modeling. [7] For example, a wildlife preservation project could involve: observational studies of the wildlife ecology; experiments to understand causal relationships; and the application of modeling to determine the information beyond the scope of experimentation.
A reference ecosystem, also known as an ecological reference, is a "community of organisms able to act as a model or benchmark for restoration." [1] [2] [3] Reference ecosystems usually include remnant natural areas that have not been degraded by human activities such as agriculture, logging, development, fire suppression, or non-native species invasion.
The most common version of the equation used in reserve design is the formula for inter-island diversity, which has a z-value between 0.25 and 0.55, [13] meaning protecting 5% of the available habitat will preserve 40% of the species present. However, inter-provincial species area relationships have z-values closer to 1, meaning protecting 5% ...