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Current Roundup Ready crops include soy, corn (maize), canola, [2] sugar beets, [3] cotton, and alfalfa, [4] with wheat [5] still under development. Additional information on Roundup Ready crops is available on the GM Crops List. [6] As of 2005, 87% of U.S. soybean fields were planted with glyphosate resistant varieties. [7] [8]
A genetically modified soybean is a soybean (Glycine max) that has had DNA introduced into it using genetic engineering techniques. [1]: 5 In 1996, the first genetically modified soybean was introduced to the U.S. by Monsanto. In 2014, 90.7 million hectares of GM soybeans were planted worldwide, making up 82% of the total soybeans cultivation area.
In the United States, use of Roundup experienced rapid growth following the commercial introduction of a glyphosate-resistant soybean in 1996. [76] "Roundup Ready" became Monsanto's trademark for its patented line of crop seeds that are resistant to Roundup. Between 1990 and 1996 sales of Roundup increased around 20% per year. [77]
Farmers who plant such "Roundup Ready" crops are required to sign an agreement with Monsanto stipulating that they will buy new seeds from the company each year, rather than using the products of ...
Monsanto developed a Roundup Ready genetically modified wheat but ended development in 2004 due to concerns from wheat exporters about the rejection of genetically modified (GM) wheat by foreign markets. [117] Two patents were critical to Monsanto's GM soybean business; one expired in 2011 and the other in 2014. [118]
A 2003 study [117] concluded the "Roundup Ready" (RR) gene had been bred into so many different soybean cultivars, there had been little decline in genetic diversity, but "diversity was limited among elite lines from some companies". The widespread use of such types of GM soybeans in the Americas has caused problems with exports to some regions.
Monsanto introduces genetically modified Roundup Ready soybeans that are resistant to Roundup (greatly improving a farmer's ability to control weeds, since glyphosate could be sprayed in the fields without harming their crops). [29] 1996: Acquisitions
Every Roundup Ready soybean in the world has a relative which was genetically transformed at Agracetus. 80% of the world's soybeans are Roundup Ready. Agracetus was founded in 1981 as Cetus Corporation.
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