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Nitric oxide sensing in plants is mediated by the N-end rule of proteolysis [61] [62] and controls abiotic stress responses such as flooding-induced hypoxia, [63] salt and drought stress. [64] [65] [66] Nitric oxide interactions have been found within signaling pathways of plant hormones such as auxin, [67] ethylene, [63] [68] [69] Abscisic ...
Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. NO is an important cellular signaling molecule. It helps modulate vascular tone , insulin secretion, airway tone, and peristalsis , and is involved in angiogenesis and neural development.
In addition to nitric oxide, other electronically activated species are also signal-transducing agents in a process called redox signaling. Examples include superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide. Redox signaling also includes active modulation of electronic flows in semiconductive biological macromolecules. [48]
The downstream effects of these signaling pathways may include additional enzymatic activities such as proteolytic cleavage, phosphorylation, methylation, and ubiquitinylation. Signaling molecules can be synthesized from various biosynthetic pathways and released through passive or active transports, or even from cell damage.
Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide [1]) is a colorless gas with the formula NO. It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen . Nitric oxide is a free radical : it has an unpaired electron , which is sometimes denoted by a dot in its chemical formula ( • N=O or • NO).
The three gases have similar features and, in theory, participate in shared signaling pathways, although their actions can either be synergistic or antagonistic. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are highly reactive with numerous molecular targets, whereas carbon monoxide is relatively stable and metabolically inert predominately ...
A flurry of work in the early 1990s to demonstrate the existence of a retrograde messenger and to determine its identity generated a list of candidates including carbon monoxide, [40] platelet-activating factor, [41] [42] arachidonic acid, [43] and nitric oxide. Nitric oxide has received a great deal of attention in the past, but has recently ...
18127 Ensembl ENSG00000164867 ENSMUSG00000028978 UniProt P29474 P70313 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000603 NM_001160109 NM_001160110 NM_001160111 NM_008713 RefSeq (protein) NP_000594 NP_001153581 NP_001153582 NP_001153583 NP_032739 Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 150.99 – 151.01 Mb Chr 5: 24.57 – 24.59 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Endothelial NOS (eNOS), also known as nitric oxide ...