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Salbutamol is usually used with an inhaler or nebulizer, but it is also available in a pill, liquid, and intravenous solution. [8] [10] Onset of action of the inhaled version is typically within 15 minutes and lasts for two to six hours. [8] Common side effects include shakiness, headache, fast heart rate, dizziness, and feeling anxious. [8]
[1] [4] [5] It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β 2-adrenergic agonist). [1] Common side effects include sore throat, muscle cramps, and nausea. [1] Other side effects may include bronchospasm, allergic reactions, and upper respiratory tract infections. [1] Safety in pregnancy is unclear. [6] [1]
Many nebulizer manufacturers also offer pacifier attachments for infants and toddlers. But mouthpieces are preferable if patients are able to use them since face-masks result in reduced lung delivery because of aerosol losses in the nose.
Rarer side effects may indicate a dangerous allergic reaction. These include: paradoxical bronchospasm (shortness of breath and difficulty breathing); skin itching, rash, or hives ( urticaria ); swelling ( angioedema ) of any part of the face or throat (which can lead to voice hoarseness ), or swelling of the extremities.
More severe effects, such as pulmonary edema, myocardial ischemia, and cardiac arrhythmia, are exceptional.) [6] [7] [1] Overuse of β 2 agonists and asthma treatment without proper inhaled corticosteroid use has been associated with an increased risk of asthma exacerbations and asthma-related hospitalizations. [ 8 ]
Combination with beta-adrenergic agonists increases the dilating effect on the bronchi, as when ipratropium is combined with salbutamol (albuterol — USAN) under the trade names Combivent (a non-aerosol metered-dose inhaler or MDI) and Duoneb (nebulizer) for the management of COPD and asthma, and with fenoterol (trade names Duovent and ...
LABAs are designed to reduce the need for shorter-acting β 2 agonists such as salbutamol (albuterol), as they have an approximately twelve-hour duration of action, compared to about five hours for salbutamol, making them candidates for sparing high doses of corticosteroids [citation needed] or treating nocturnal asthma and providing ...
Because it has no effect on asthma symptoms when used alone, it is most often paired with a short-acting β 2-adrenergic agonist. While it is considered a relief or rescue medication, it can take a full hour to begin working. For this reason, it plays a secondary role in acute asthma treatment. Dry throat is the most common side effect.