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During the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire, there were a series of campaigns in 163 BC in regions outlying Judea - Ammon, Gilead, Galilee, Idumea, and Judea's coastal plain, a wider region usually referred to as either Palestine or Eretz Israel.
Judas's campaign in the countryside became a full-scale revolt. Maccabean forces employed guerrilla tactics emphasizing speed and mobility. While less trained and under-equipped for pitched battles, the Maccabees could control which battles they took and retreat into the wilderness when threatened.
The Maccabees (/ ˈ m æ k ə b iː z /), also spelled Machabees (Hebrew: מַכַּבִּים, Makkabbīm or מַקַבִּים, Maqabbīm; Latin: Machabaei or Maccabaei; Ancient Greek: Μακκαβαῖοι, Makkabaioi), were a group of Jewish rebel warriors who took control of Judea, which at the time was part of the Seleucid Empire.
Lysias skirted Judea as he had done in his first campaign, entering it from the south and besieging Beth-Zur. Judah raised the siege of the Acra and went to meet Lysias. In the Battle of Beth-zechariah, south of Bethlehem, the Seleucids achieved their first major victory over the Maccabees, and Judah was forced to withdraw to Jerusalem. Beth ...
Maccabee campaigns of 163 BC. Part of the Maccabean Revolt. Maccabees: Seleucid Empire: 163 BCE 163 BCE Battle of Dathema. Part of the Maccabean Revolt. Maccabees: Seleucid Empire: 162 BCE 162 BCE Battle of Beth Zechariah. Part of the Maccabean Revolt. Maccabees: Seleucid Empire: 161 BCE 161 BCE Battle of Adasa. Part of the Maccabean Revolt ...
The Maccabees participated in a number of campaigns across greater Palestine while the Seleucid government was concerned with internal politics in the capital. Around April 162 BC (Year 150 of the Ancient Macedonian calendar ), Judas laid siege to the Acra, attempting to eradicate the most prominent symbol of Seleucid power in Judea. [ 2 ]
It is the first battle discussed in the book of 1 Maccabees, hence generally being dated to 167–166 BCE. The precise details of the battle are not known either, but 2 Maccabees writes that the rebels fought using guerrilla warfare in the early stage of the revolt, by "coming unexpectedly" on their foes and at night. It is reasonably possible ...
The Battle of Beth Zur is recorded in the books of 1 Maccabees (1 Maccabees 4:26–35), 2 Maccabees (2 Maccabees 11:1–15), and Josephus's Antiquities of the Jews Book 12, Chapter 7. The main point of divergence is timing: according to 1 Maccabees, Lysias initiated an expedition, was defeated at Beth Zur, Jerusalem was taken, the Second Temple ...