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The first of these is Crusades, [191] [137] by French historian Louis R. Bréhier, appearing in the Catholic Encyclopedia, based on his L'Église et l'Orient au Moyen Âge: Les Croisades. [192] The second is The Crusades, [193] by English historian Ernest Barker, in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition). Collectively, Bréhier and Barker ...
The history of the Crusades begins with the advent of Christian pilgrimage to the Holy Land combined with the rise of Islam and its subsequent conquest of Jerusalem. [2] 326. Saint Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, travels to the Holy Land. [3] She returns with Holy relics and begins a tradition of Christian pilgrimage. [4] After 334.
Crusades historian Jonathan Riley-Smith has published as number of bibliographies associated with his works. The Oxford History of the Crusades (1995). Not a bibliography per se, but rather a list for further reading. The First Crusaders (1997). A comprehensive bibliography of the First Crusades through 1129. [20] The Atlas of the Crusades (1999).
The list of the Crusades to the Holy Land from 1095 through 1291 is as follows. First Crusade (1095–1099) The activities from the Council of Clermont of 1095 through the establishment of the Kingdom of Jerusalem and the battle of Ascalon in 1099. Sometimes segregated into the People's Crusade and the Princes' Crusade.
The First Crusade, 1095–1099. Translated and edited by Susan B. Edgington. Ashgate, Farnham, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4094-6652-9. Albert of Aachen's History of the Journey to Jerusalem. Band 2: Books 7–12. The Early History of the Latin States, 1099–1119. Translated and edited by Susan B. Edgington. Ashgate, Farnham, 2013, ISBN 978-1-4094-6653-6.
The People's Crusade was the beginning phase of the First Crusade whose objective was to retake the Holy Land, and Jerusalem in particular, from Islamic rule. In 1095, after the head of the Roman Catholic Church Pope Urban II started to urge faithful Christians to undertake an armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem, the People's Crusade was conducted for roughly six months from April to October 1096.
15th-century painting of Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont (1095), where he preached an impassioned sermon to take back the Holy Land; later manuscript illumination of c. 1490. In March 1095 at the Council of Piacenza, ambassadors sent by Byzantine Emperor Alexius I called for help with defending his empire against the Seljuk Turks.
Chronologies and timelines appear in print as follows. A Chronology of the Crusades, covering the crusades from 1055–1456, by Timothy Venning. [1] Chronology, covering 1095–1798, in Atlas of the Crusades, by Jonathan Riley-Smith. [2] Chronology and Maps, covering 1095–1789, in The Oxford History of the Crusades, edited by Jonathan Riley ...
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