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  2. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    The availability heuristic (also known as the availability bias) is the tendency to overestimate the likelihood of events with greater "availability" in memory, which can be influenced by how recent the memories are or how unusual or emotionally charged they may be. [20] The availability heuristic includes or involves the following:

  3. Category:Cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Cognitive_biases

    Thus, cognitive biases may sometimes lead to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, or what is broadly called irrationality. Although it may seem like such misperceptions would be aberrations, biases can help humans find commonalities and shortcuts to assist in the navigation of common situations in life.

  4. Heuristic (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heuristic_(psychology)

    This research, called the heuristics-and-biases program, challenged the idea that human beings are rational actors and first gained worldwide attention in 1974 with the Science paper "Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases" [14] and although the originally proposed heuristics have been refined over time, this research program has ...

  5. Cognitive bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias

    The list of cognitive biases has long been a topic of critique. In psychology a "rationality war" [72] unfolded between Gerd Gigerenzer and the Kahneman and Tversky school, which pivoted on whether biases are primarily defects of human cognition or the result of behavioural patterns that are actually adaptive or "ecologically rational" [73 ...

  6. Social heuristics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_heuristics

    Others have argued that these biases result from the application of social heuristics depending on the structure of the environment that they operate in. [13] Researchers in the latter approach treat the study of social heuristics as closely linked to social rationality, a field of research that applies the ideas of bounded rationality and ...

  7. Attribute substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attribute_substitution

    Attribute substitution is a psychological process thought to underlie a number of cognitive biases and perceptual illusions.It occurs when an individual has to make a judgment (of a target attribute) that is computationally complex, and instead substitutes a more easily calculated heuristic attribute. [1]

  8. Choice-supportive bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choice-supportive_bias

    Choice-supportive bias or post-purchase rationalization is the tendency to retroactively ascribe positive attributes to an option one has selected and/or to demote the forgone options. [1] It is part of cognitive science , and is a distinct cognitive bias that occurs once a decision is made.

  9. Bias blind spot - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bias_blind_spot

    The bias blind spot is the cognitive bias of recognizing the impact of biases on the judgment of others, while failing to see the impact of biases on one's own judgment. [1] The term was created by Emily Pronin, a social psychologist from Princeton University 's Department of Psychology , with colleagues Daniel Lin and Lee Ross .