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At the equator, the solar rotation period is 24.47 days. This is called the sidereal rotation period, and should not be confused with the synodic rotation period of 26.24 days, which is the time for a fixed feature on the Sun to rotate to the same apparent position as viewed from Earth (the Earth's orbital rotation is in the same direction as the Sun's rotation).
The Stonyhurst heliographic coordinate system, developed at Stonyhurst College in the 1800s, has its origin (where longitude and latitude are both 0°) at the point where the solar equator intersects the central solar meridian as seen from Earth. Longitude in this system is therefore fixed for observers on Earth.
A 2021 publication [8] about solar geometry first calculates the x-, y-, and z-component of the solar vector, which is a unit vector with its tail fixed at the observer's location and its head kept pointing toward the Sun, and then uses the components to calculate the solar zenith angle and solar azimuth angle. The calculated solar vector at 1 ...
This is a list of solar eclipses visible from the United States between 3000 and 2100. All eclipses whose path of totality or annularity passes through the land territory of the current fifty U.S. states and the District of Columbia are included. All types of solar eclipses, whether recent, upcoming, or in the past, are also included.
Similar equations are coded into a Fortran 90 routine in Ref. [3] and are used to calculate the solar zenith angle and solar azimuth angle as observed from the surface of the Earth. Start by calculating n , the number of days (positive or negative, including fractional days) since Greenwich noon, Terrestrial Time, on 1 January 2000 ( J2000.0 ).
The 13th parallel north is a circle of latitude 13 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, Central America, the Caribbean, and the Atlantic Ocean. At this latitude, the sun is visible for 12 hours 53 minutes during the summer solstice and 11 hours 22 minutes during the winter ...
The 14th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 14 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Africa , Asia , the Indian Ocean , the Pacific Ocean , Central America , the Caribbean , and the Atlantic Ocean .
Most sun charts plot azimuth versus altitude throughout the days of the winter solstice and summer solstice, as well as a number of intervening days.Since the apparent movement of the Sun as viewed from Earth is nearly symmetrical about the solstice, plotting dates for one half of the year gives a good approximation for the rest of the year.