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  2. Musical tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_tuning

    A Pythagorean tuning is technically both a type of just intonation and a zero-comma meantone tuning, in which the frequency ratios of the notes are all derived from the number ratio 3:2. Using this approach for example, the 12 notes of the Western chromatic scale would be tuned to the following ratios: 1:1, 256:243, 9:8, 32:27, 81:64, 4:3, 729: ...

  3. Radio receiver design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_receiver_design

    Tuning the receiver involves changing the frequency of the local oscillator, with further processing of the signal (especially in relation to increasing the receiver) conveniently done at a single frequency (the IF frequency) thus requiring no further tuning for different stations. A schematic of a superhet AM receiver. Note that the radio ...

  4. Tuner (radio) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuner_(radio)

    Marantz 2050L AM/FM stereo tuner (USA; 1978-1980) [1]. In electronics and radio, a tuner is a type of receiver subsystem that receives RF transmissions, such as AM or FM broadcasts, and converts the selected carrier frequency into a form suitable for further processing or output, such as to an amplifier or loudspeaker.

  5. Pipe organ tuning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipe_organ_tuning

    The frequency of a ′ (the standard note for tuning musical instruments), for example, could range from a ′ =392 Hz in parts of France to a ′ =465 Hz (Cornet-ton pitch) in parts of Germany. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Organs were often tuned differently than ensembles, even within the same region or town.

  6. Local oscillator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_oscillator

    In electronics, a local oscillator (LO) is an electronic oscillator used with a mixer to change the frequency of a signal. This frequency conversion process, also called heterodyning, produces the sum and difference frequencies from the frequency of the local oscillator and frequency of the input signal. Processing a signal at a fixed frequency ...

  7. Automatic frequency control - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_frequency_control

    Basic automatic frequency control in a radio receiver. У = RF amplifier stages, Д = frequency discriminator stage. In radio equipment, Automatic Frequency Control (AFC), also called Automatic Fine Tuning (AFT), is a method or circuit to automatically keep a resonant circuit tuned to the frequency of an incoming radio signal.

  8. Audio time stretching and pitch scaling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_time_stretching_and...

    The simplest way to change the duration or pitch of an audio recording is to change the playback speed. For a digital audio recording, this can be accomplished through sample rate conversion. When using this method, the frequencies in the recording are always scaled at the same ratio as the speed, transposing its perceived pitch up or down in ...

  9. Musical temperament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_temperament

    When a musical instrument with harmonic overtones is played, the ear hears a composite waveform that includes a fundamental frequency (e.g., 440 Hz) and those overtones (880 Hz, 1320 Hz, 1760 Hz, etc.)—a series of just intervals.