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A stem cell possesses two properties: . Self-renewal is the ability to go through numerous cycles of cell division while still maintaining its undifferentiated state. Stem cells can replicate several times and can result in the formation of two stem cells, one stem cell more differentiated than the other, or two differentiated cells.
There is other stem cell research that does not involve the destruction of a human embryo, and such research involves adult stem cells, amniotic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. In January 2009, the US Food and Drug Administration gave clearance to Geron Corporation for the first clinical trial of an embryonic stem-cell-based ...
A person's baby teeth are known to contain stem cells that can be used for regeneration of the dental pulp after a root canal treatment or injury. These cells can also be used to repair damage from periodontitis, an advanced form of gum disease that causes bone loss and severe gum recession.
Pluripotent adult stem cells are rare and generally small in number, but they can be found in umbilical cord blood and other tissues. [48] Bone marrow is a rich source of adult stem cells, [49] which have been used in treating several conditions including liver cirrhosis, [50] chronic limb ischemia [51] and endstage heart failure. [52]
According to a recent study, baby teeth contain an abundance of stem cells, a very special type of cell that can potentially grow replacement tissue in the body and cure a number of diseases.
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are stem cells present in the dental pulp, which is the soft living tissue within teeth. DPSCs can be collected from dental pulp by means of a non-invasive practice. It can be performed with an adult after simple extraction or to the young after surgical extraction of wisdom teeth. [1]
Thus, embryonic stem cells are likely to be easier to isolate and grow ex vivo than adult stem cells. [36] Embryonic stem cells divide more rapidly than adult stem cells, potentially making it easier to generate large numbers of cells for therapeutic means. In contrast, adult stem cell might not divide fast enough to offer immediate treatment. [36]
In mesenchymal stem cell therapy, most of the cells are extracted from the adult patient's bone marrow [2] [3] Mesenchymal stem cells can be obtained via a procedure called bone marrow aspiration. A needle is inserted into the back of the patients hip bone and cells are removed to be grown under controlled in vitro conditions in a lab.