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Herpes simplex, often known simply as herpes, is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. [5] Herpes infections are categorized by the area of the body that is infected. The two major types of herpes are oral herpes and genital herpes, though other forms also exist. Oral herpes involves the face or mouth.
Herpes gladiatorum is one of the most infectious of herpes-caused diseases, and is transmissible by skin-to-skin contact. The disease was first described in the 1960s in the New England Journal of Medicine. It is caused by contagious infection with human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), [1] which more commonly causes oral herpes (cold sores).
Herpes simplex viruses can affect areas of skin exposed to contact with an infected person. An example of this is herpetic whitlow , which is a herpes infection on the fingers; it was commonly found on dental surgeon 's hands before the routine use of gloves when treating patients.
About 90% of cases of herpes encephalitis are caused by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), the same virus that causes cold sores. According to a 2006 estimate, 57% of American adults were infected with HSV-1, [3] which is spread through droplets, casual contact and sometimes sexual contact, though most infected people never have cold sores.
A herpetic whitlow is a herpes lesion , typically on a finger or thumb, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). Occasionally infection occurs on the toes or on the nail cuticle. Herpes whitlow can be caused by infection by HSV-1 or HSV-2. [1]
Genital herpes is a herpes infection of the genitals caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). [1] Most people either have no or mild symptoms and thus do not know they are infected. [ 1 ] When symptoms do occur, they typically include small blisters that break open to form painful ulcers . [ 1 ]
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster or zona, [6] is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area. [2] [7] Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide mark either on the left or right side of the body or face. [1] Two to four days before the rash occurs there may be tingling or local pain in the area.
Eczema herpeticum is a rare but severe and contagious disseminated infection that generally occurs at sites of skin damage produced by, for example, atopic dermatitis, burns, long-term usage of topical steroids or eczema. [1] It is also known as Kaposi varicelliform eruption, Pustulosis varioliformis acute and Kaposi–Juliusberg dermatitis.