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Cadillac Eldorado cold start. A cold start is an attempt to start a vehicle's engine when ambient temperatures are much lower than its normal operating temperature. [1] A cold start can be difficult for an engine due to higher viscosity of oil and fuel in cold temperatures.
Pressure in cylinder pattern in dependence on ignition timing: (a) - misfire, (b) too soon, (c) optimal, (d) too late. In a spark ignition internal combustion engine, ignition timing is the timing, relative to the current piston position and crankshaft angle, of the release of a spark in the combustion chamber near the end of the compression stroke.
where is the probability of failure, () is the cumulative distribution function of resistance (R), and () is the probability density of load (S).. However, in most cases, the distribution of loads and resistances are not independent and the probability of failure is defined via the following more general formula.