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A perceptual system is a computational system (biological or artificial) designed to make inferences about properties of a physical environment based on scenes. Other definitions may exist. In this context, a scene is defined as sensory information that can flow from a physical environment into a computational system via sensory transduction.
Conclusions have been drawn from preferential looking experiments about the knowledge that infants possess. For example, if infants discriminate between rule-following and rule-violating stimuli — say, by looking longer, on average, at the latter than the former — then it has sometimes been concluded that infants know the rule.
Perceptual psychology is a subfield of cognitive psychology [1] that concerns the conscious and unconscious innate aspects of the human cognitive system: perception. [2] A pioneer of the field was James J. Gibson. One major study was that of affordances, i.e. the perceived utility of objects in, or features of, one's surroundings. According to ...
For example, the perceptual expertise of a baseball player at bat can detect early in the ball's flight whether the pitcher threw a curveball. However, the perceptual differentiation of the feel of swinging the bat in various ways may also have been involved in learning the motor commands that produce the required swing. [1]
Goodale and Milner [2] amassed an array of anatomical, neuropsychological, electrophysiological, and behavioural evidence for their model. According to their data, the ventral 'perceptual' stream computes a detailed map of the world from visual input, which can then be used for cognitive operations, and the dorsal 'action' stream transforms incoming visual information to the requisite ...
In perception and psychophysics, auditory scene analysis (ASA) is a proposed model for the basis of auditory perception. This is understood as the process by which the human auditory system organizes sound into perceptually meaningful elements. The term was coined by psychologist Albert Bregman. [1]
Visual object recognition refers to the ability to identify the objects in view based on visual input. One important signature of visual object recognition is "object invariance", or the ability to identify objects across changes in the detailed context in which objects are viewed, including changes in illumination, object pose, and background context.
Researchers in psychology and cognitive science study perceptual vigilance to understand how attentional mechanisms operate and how they can be influenced by internal and external factors. By investigating the cognitive processes underlying perceptual vigilance, researchers gain insights into human perception, behavior and decision-making. [4]