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Tuareg social structure has traditionally included clan membership, social status and caste hierarchies within each political confederation. [19] [20] [21] The Tuareg have controlled several trans-Saharan trade routes and have been an important party to the conflicts in the Saharan region during the colonial and post-colonial eras. [19]
French-language map showing the major trans-Saharan trade routes (1862) Trans-Saharan trade is trade between sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa that requires travel across the Sahara. Though this trade began in prehistoric times, the peak of trade extended from the 8th century until the early 17th century CE.
Many Tuareg traders owned the salt pits and date plantations in Kaouar, as well as holding bonded laborers there, and traveled the caravan to administer their property. The Tuareg Taghlamt, numbering 10,000 camels and stretching 25 km at the beginning of the colonial period, is led by the representative of the Amenukal (confederation leader ...
According to professor Ibrahima Baba Kaké, there were four main slavery routes to North Africa, from east to west of Africa, from the Maghreb to the Sudan, from Tripolitania to central Sudan and from Egypt to the Middle East. [87] Caravan trails, set up in the 9th century, went past the oasis of the Sahara; travel was difficult and uncomfortable.
A caravan (from Persian کاروان kârvân) is a group of people traveling together, often on a trade expedition. [1] Caravans were used mainly in desert areas and throughout the Silk Road , where traveling in groups helped in defense against bandits as well as in improving economies of scale in trade.
The Sahelian kingdoms were a series of centralized kingdoms or empires that were centered on the Sahel, the area of grasslands south of the Sahara, from the 8th century to the 19th. The wealth of the states came from controlling the trade routes across the desert.
It is the chief city of the Algerian Tuareg. It is located an altitude of 1,320 metres (4,330 ft). As of the 2008 census, it has a population of 92,635, [2] up from 72,741 in 1998, [3] with an annual growth rate of 2.5%. [2] up to 116,521 in 2019. Tamanrasset was originally established as a military outpost to guard the trans-Saharan trade routes.
As the area of cultivation expanded, so too has the diversity, as Aouderas's existence as a servile date plantation for Tuareg caravans has declined. While the early history of the Aïr Massif is speculative, the area has been populated since at least 10,000 years ago, when the surrounding deserts were lush grasslands.