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Tūī on New Zealand flax. Phormium tenax (called flax in New Zealand English; harakeke in Māori; New Zealand flax [1] [2] outside New Zealand; and New Zealand hemp [1] in historical nautical contexts) is an evergreen perennial plant native to New Zealand and Norfolk Island that is an important fibre plant and a popular ornamental plant. [3]
Thus, by the early 19th century, the quality of rope materials made from New Zealand flax was known internationally, [11] as was the quality of New Zealand trees which were used for spars and masts. The Royal Navy was one of the largest customers. The flax trade burgeoned, especially after male Māori recognised the advantages of trade and ...
Phormium is a genus of two plant species in the family Asphodelaceae.One species is endemic to New Zealand and the other is native to New Zealand and Norfolk Island. [1] The two species are widely known in New Zealand as flax or their Māori names wharariki and harakeke respectively, and elsewhere as New Zealand flax or flax lily, but they are not closely related to the Northern Hemisphere's ...
An 1847 portrait of Hōne Heke and his wife Hariata wearing cloaks made from Phormium tenax (New Zealand flax) fibre. Māori made textiles and woven items from a number of plants, including harakeke (New Zealand flax), wharariki, tī kōuka, tōī, pīngao, kiekie, nīkau and toetoe. [8] [9] [10]
There is a high diversity of New Zealand native fungi, with about 1,100 species occurring in association with native Nothofagus or Metrosideros. [ 1 ] Worldwide there is estimated to be over 1.5 million species according to the Hawksworth ratio of 1:6 (vascular plants to fungi). [ 1 ]
This moth is endemic to and is widely distributed throughout New Zealand. [6] [2] The habitat/food plant for this moth is the New Zealand native flax Phormium tenax ...
Muka is prepared fibre of New Zealand flax (Māori: harakeke). [1] Prepared primarily by scraping, pounding and washing, it is a key material in Māori traditional textiles where it is usually used in tāniko or twined weaving. Some varieties produce different grades or quality of muka that result in characteristics such as strength, whiteness ...
A hackle or heckle, a tool for threshing flax and preparing the fiber Flax tissues, Tacuinum sanitatis, 14th century. Threshing is the process of removing the seeds from the rest of the plant. Separating the usable flax fibers from other components requires pulling the stems through a hackle and/or beating the plants to break them.
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