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The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
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Ghost fungus illudin S, illudin M, and illudosin [32] Oceania and India Pleurotus ostreatus. Lentinula edodes. Sarcomyxa serotina. Omphalotus olearius [8] Jack-O'lantern mushroom illudin S [33] [34] Europe Cantharellus spp. Omphalotus olivascens: Western jack-o'-lantern mushroom illudin S [35] America Cantharellus spp. Paralepistopsis ...
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A mycorrhiza (from Ancient Greek μύκης (múkēs) 'fungus' and ῥίζα (rhíza) 'root'; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) [1] is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant. [2] The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings
This list of bioluminscent fungi has more than 125 known species found largely in temperate and tropical climates. [1] They are members of the order Agaricales ( Basidiomycota ) with one possible exceptional ascomycete belonging to the order Xylariales [ 2 ] (with extremely faint light).
Most fungi are mycorrhizal, meaning that they grow symbiotically in association with tree roots. Through the fungal web of mycorrhizae, the M. uniflora roots ultimately sap food from where the host fungi are connected to the photosynthetic trees. The clustered node roots of this plant are covered in hairs called cystidium.
When the smut invades the host plant it causes hypertrophy – the host's cells increase in size and number. (The fungus also destroys the flowering structures of the plant, so it does not make seed, but the plants can still be propagated asexually by rhizome.) In an environment such as a rice paddy, new sprouts of wild rice are easily infected ...