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An example of a descriptive device used in psychological research is the diary, which is used to record observations. There is a history of use of diaries within clinical psychology. [20] Examples of psychologists that used them include B.F. Skinner (1904–1990) and Virginia Axline (1911–1988).
Intake interviews are the most common type of interview in clinical psychology. They occur when a client first comes to seek help from a clinician. The intake interview is important in clinical psychology because it is the first interaction that occurs between the client and the clinician. The clinician may explain to the client what to expect ...
An example of a product might be a painting, a song, a dance or television. Whereas use traces tell us more about the behavior of an individual, products speak more to contemporary cultural themes. Examining physical trace evidence is an invaluable tool to psychologists, for they can gain information in this manner that they might not normally ...
Discursive psychology (DP) is the use of CA on psychological themes, and studies how psychological phenomena are attended to, understood and construed in interaction. The subfield formed through studies by Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell, most notably their 1987 book Discourse and social psychology: Beyond attitudes and behaviour. [38]
Counseling is the professional guidance of the individual by utilizing psychological methods especially in collecting case history data, using various techniques of the personal interview, and testing interests and aptitudes.
Community psychology is a type of systemic psychology. The term group therapy was first used around 1920 by Jacob L. Moreno , whose main contribution was the development of psychodrama , in which groups were used as both cast and audience for the exploration of individual problems by reenactment under the direction of the leader.
A wide range of research methods are used in psychology. These methods vary by the sources from which information is obtained, how that information is sampled, and the types of instruments that are used in data collection. Methods also vary by whether they collect qualitative data, quantitative data or both.
Many counseling psychologists also receive specialized training in career assessment, group therapy, and relationship counseling. Counseling psychology as a field values multiculturalism [81] and social advocacy, often stimulating research in multicultural issues. There are fewer counseling psychology graduate programs than those for clinical ...