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  2. Cytoskeleton - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoskeleton

    The cytoskeleton is a complex, dynamic network of interlinking protein filaments present in the cytoplasm of all cells, including those of bacteria and archaea. [2] In eukaryotes , it extends from the cell nucleus to the cell membrane and is composed of similar proteins in the various organisms.

  3. Microfilament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfilament

    Measuring approximately 6 nm in diameter, [4] microfilaments are the thinnest fibers of the cytoskeleton. They are polymers of actin subunits (globular actin, or G-actin), which as part of the fiber are referred to as filamentous actin, or F-actin. Each microfilament is made up of two helical, interlaced strands of subunits

  4. Intermediate filament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_filament

    trichocytic keratins (about 13) (hair keratins), which make up hair, nails, horns and reptilian scales. Regardless of the group, keratins are either acidic or basic. Acidic and basic keratins bind each other to form acidic-basic heterodimers and these heterodimers then associate to make a keratin filament.

  5. Protein filament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_filament

    They are often bundled together to provide support, strength, and rigidity to the cell. When the filaments are packed up together, they are able to form three different cellular parts. The three major classes of protein filaments that make up the cytoskeleton include: actin filaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments.

  6. Microtubule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microtubule

    Microtubule and tubulin metrics [1]. Microtubules are polymers of tubulin that form part of the cytoskeleton and provide structure and shape to eukaryotic cells. Microtubules can be as long as 50 micrometres, as wide as 23 to 27 nm [2] and have an inner diameter between 11 and 15 nm. [3]

  7. Cytoplasm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytoplasm

    The cytosol's filaments include the protein filaments such as actin filaments and microtubules that make up the cytoskeleton, as well as soluble proteins and small structures such as ribosomes, proteasomes, and the mysterious vault complexes. [14] The inner, granular and more fluid portion of the cytoplasm is referred to as endoplasm.

  8. Cell biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology

    It anchors organelles within the cells and makes up the structure and stability of the cell. The cytoskeleton is composed of three principal types of protein filaments: actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, which are held together and linked to subcellular organelles and the plasma membrane by a variety of accessory proteins.

  9. Endoplasmic reticulum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum

    It is a type of organelle made up of two subunits – rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). The endoplasmic reticulum is found in most eukaryotic cells and forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs known as cisternae (in the RER), and tubular structures in the SER.