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  2. Osmol gap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmol_gap

    The osmol gap is typically calculated with the following formula (all values in mmol/L): = = ([+] + [] + []) In non-SI laboratory units: Calculated osmolality = 2 x [Na mmol/L] + [glucose mg/dL] / 18 + [BUN mg/dL] / 2.8 + [ethanol/3.7] [3] (note: the values 18 and 2.8 convert mg/dL into mmol/L; the molecular weight of ethanol is 46, but empiric data shows that it does not act as an ideal ...

  3. Beer–Lambert law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer–Lambert_law

    Absorbance within range of 0.2 to 0.5 is ideal to maintain linearity in the Beer–Lambert law. If the radiation is especially intense, nonlinear optical processes can also cause variances. The main reason, however, is that the concentration dependence is in general non-linear and Beer's law is valid only under certain conditions as shown by ...

  4. Beer measurement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_measurement

    A basic formula [4] to calculate beer strength based on the difference between the original and final SG is: A B V = 131.25 ( O G − F G ) {\displaystyle ABV=131.25(OG-FG)} The formula below [ 5 ] is an alternate equation which provides more accurate estimates at higher alcohol percentages (it is typically used for beers above 6 or 7%).

  5. Plasma osmolality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_Osmolality

    Calculated osmolarity = 2 Na + Glucose + Urea (all in mmol/L) As Na+ is the major extracellular cation, the sum of osmolarity of all other anions can be assumed to be equal to natremia, hence [Na+]x2 ≈ [Na+] + [anions] To calculate plasma osmolality use the following equation (typical in the US): = 2[Na +

  6. Pharmacology of ethanol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology_of_ethanol

    The pharmacokinetics of ethanol are well characterized by the ADME acronym (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion). Besides the dose ingested, factors such as the person's total body water, speed of drinking, the drink's nutritional content, and the contents of the stomach all influence the profile of blood alcohol content (BAC) over ...

  7. Ethanol (data page) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_(data_page)

    Excess volume of the mixture of ethanol and water (volume contraction) Heat of mixing of the mixture of ethanol and water Vapor–liquid equilibrium of the mixture of ethanol and water (including azeotrope) Solid–liquid equilibrium of the mixture of ethanol and water (including eutecticum) Miscibility gap in the mixture of dodecane and ethanol

  8. 9 Grains That Are Surprisingly High in Protein - AOL

    www.aol.com/9-grains-surprisingly-high-protein...

    One cup cooked farro contains 6.5 grams of protein and six grams of fiber, as well as B-vitamins, red blood cell-supporting iron and magnesium. When shopping for farro, choose whole instead of ...

  9. Glucose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose

    Blood glucose monitoring can be performed by multiple methods, such as the fasting glucose test which measures the level of glucose in the blood after 8 hours of fasting. Another test is the 2-hour glucose tolerance test (GTT) – for this test, the person has a fasting glucose test done, then drinks a 75-gram glucose drink and is retested.