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Riau-Lingga Sultanate (Jawi: کسلطانن رياوليڠݢ , romanized: Kesultanan Riau-Lingga), also known as the Lingga-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate or Lingga Sultanate was a Malay sultanate that existed from 1824 to 1911, before being dissolved following Dutch intervention.
House of Melaka-Pahang: House of Melaka: Old Johor: Raja Ahmad [1]: Alauddin II (1) r. 1528–1564: ♀ a lady consort: Abdul Jalil II (4) r. 1571–1597: ♀ Raja Fatimah
The signing of the treaty further undermined the cohesion of Johorean-held Pahang and Riau-Lingga which contributed to the emergence of Pahang and Johor as independent states. Johor became irrevocably divided when a succession dispute gave rise to two centres of power, one in Riau-Lingga (under Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah, r.
This name was used as one of the four main sultanates that formed the kingdoms of Riau, Lingga, Johor and Pahang. However, as the consequences of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 between the Netherlands and United Kingdom, the Johor-Pahang sultanates fell under British influence, while the Riau-Lingga sultanates fell under Dutch influence. [11] [12]
The Johor Empire was split into two parts with Sulaiman Badrul Shah giving up the sovereignty of his part to the Dutch. This also marked the end of the original Johor-Riau Sultanate, that descended from the Malacca Sultanate. This division remains today with Pahang and Johor in Malaysia and what was the Riau-Lingga Sultanate in Indonesia.
Born in Hulu Riau (present-day Tanjungpinang) in 1780, Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was the son of the 15th Sultan of Johor, Mahmud Shah III with his third wife, Encik Mariam binti Dato' Hassan (died in Lingga, 1831), the daughter of a Bugis nobleman of Sindereng, South Sulawesi.
The Indonesian language, which is the country's official language and lingua franca, was based on Riau Malay, which despite its common name is not based on the vernacular Malay dialects of the Riau Islands, rather it represents a form of Classical Malay as used in the 19th and early 20th centuries in the Riau-Lingga Sultanate.
The breakaway Riau-Lingga Sultanate would exist as a Dutch protectorate until 1911, when it was abolished by the Dutch colonial administration. In the Pahang Kingdom , the fourth raja bendahara, Tun Ali formally renounced his allegiance to the Sultan of Johor and became the independent ruler of Pahang in 1853.