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Normal flight parameters are defined as: Pitch attitude between 25° nose-up and 10° nose-down. Bank angle less than 45°. Airspeed versus maneuver loading within the normal flight envelope. This expanded definition is intended to more fully capture the maneuvers, events, conditions, and circumstances that the record has shown lead to LOC. [11]
The UK Utterly Butterly display team perform an aerobatic maneuver with their Boeing Stearmans, at an air display in England. Aerobatic maneuvers are flight paths putting aircraft in unusual attitudes, in air shows, dogfights or competition aerobatics. Aerobatics can be performed by a single aircraft or in formation with several others. Nearly ...
Inverted flight in itself is not generally regarded as a maneuver, rather as an attitude in which to perform other aerobatic maneuvers. Therefore, an inverted maneuver is one in which the aircraft begins in an inverted flight position. There are many ways to enter inverted flight. The simplest is to begin from straight level flight,
The concept of attitude is not specific to fixed-wing aircraft, but also extends to rotary aircraft such as helicopters, and dirigibles, where the flight dynamics involved in establishing and controlling attitude are entirely different. Control systems adjust the orientation of a vehicle about its cg. A control system includes control surfaces ...
On noticing an unusual flight condition, the pilot should first reduce the thrust, and push forward on the yoke to unstall the aircraft. An aircraft cannot be stalled at zero g. [8] The pilot should then roll the shortest way to the horizon. Finally thrust can be increased and the aircraft stabilised. [9]
Aerobatic training enhances a pilot's ability to recover from unusual flight conditions, and thus is an element of many flight safety training programs for pilots. While many pilots fly aerobatics for recreation, some choose to fly in aerobatic competitions , a judged sport.
Thrust vectoring is most useful while performing maneuvers such as the aerial J-turn, where the nose of the aircraft is pointed upwards (and thus the engine thrust counters gravity as well as providing attitude control). It is generally considered impossible, in fact, to perform a true J-turn maneuver without vectored thrust.
The turn needs to be kept coordinated by applying the correct amount of rudder throughout the maneuver. From a practical point of view, the chandelle may be used to turn an aircraft within a minimal turn radius. As such it is a useful maneuver for pilots of small aircraft who find themselves in a blind valley or canyon.