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Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI, ATC code M09AX02 ()) is a biomedical treatment that repairs damages in articular cartilage.ACI provides pain relief while at the same time slowing down the progression or considerably delaying partial or total joint replacement (knee replacement) surgery.
Articular cartilage repair treatment involves the repair of the surface of the articular joint's hyaline cartilage, though these solutions do not perfectly restore the articular cartilage. These treatments have been shown to have positive results for patients who have articular cartilage damage.
There are several different repair options available for cartilage damage or failure. "Maci" or autologous cultured chondrocytes on porcine collagen membrane, is a treatment to correct cartilage defects in the knee. This treatment has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2016 for adult treatment only. [1]
The selection and use of essential medicines: report of the WHO Expert Committee, 2017 (including the 20th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines and the 6th Model List of Essential Medicines for Children). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl: 10665/259481. ISBN 978-92-4-121015-7. ISSN 0512-3054. WHO technical report series; no. 1006.
It is a well documented cartilage repair technique and first line treatment option for small cartilage lesions. [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] AMIC evolved with the aim to improve some of the shortfalls of microfracture surgery as for instance variable repair cartilage volume and functional deterioration over time.
This causes new cartilage to develop from a so-called super-clot. The surgery is quick (typically lasting between 30 and 90 minutes), minimally invasive, and can have a significantly shorter recovery time than an arthroplasty (knee replacement). Chronic articular cartilage defects do not heal spontaneously. [1]
It is used to treat symptomatic, full-thickness cartilage defects of the knee with or without bone involvement. [2] [1] Autologous cultured chondrocytes on porcine collagen membrane is an autologous cellularized scaffold product. [1] This treatment is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). [1] It is only administered to adults. [1]
Orthopedic implant example seen with X-ray. An orthopedic implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing joint or bone, or to support a damaged bone. [1] The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage. [2]