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The siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Judaea. Following a five-month siege, the Romans destroyed the city, including the Second Temple. [1] [2] [3]
The First Jewish-Roman War ended with the devastating siege and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, including the burning of the Second Temple—the center of Jewish religious and national life. Roman forces destroyed other towns and villages throughout Judaea, causing massive loss of life and displacement of the population. [12]
Herod the Great's siege of Jerusalem (37 or 36 BC) [i] was the final step in his campaign to secure the throne of Judea.Aided by Roman forces provided by Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony), Herod was able to capture the city and depose Antigonus II Mattathias, ending Hasmonean rule.
Thousands of Sicarii killed: According to Josephus, 1.1 million non-combatants died in Jerusalem and 100,000 in Galilee; 97,000 enslaved. [4]According to modern scholars, a significant portion of the population of Judaea died due to battles, sieges, and famine, with some estimates suggesting up to one-quarter of the population (according to Herr). [5]
66–73 CE: First Jewish-Roman War, with the Judean rebellion led by Simon Bar Giora; 70 CE: Siege of Jerusalem (70) Titus, eldest son of Emperor Vespasian, ends the major portion of First Jewish–Roman War and destroys Herod's Temple on Tisha B'Av. The Roman legion Legio X Fretensis is garrisoned in the city. The Sanhedrin is relocated to Yavne.
The early Apostolic Christians were well aware of Jesus' prophecy in Matthew 24 and Luke 21 regarding the abomination of desolation, the surrounding of Jerusalem by the Roman Army, prior to its destruction. The army mysteriously retreated, which showed the Christians the sign they were looking for to escape to Pella, before the Romans returned ...
Jerusalem during the Second Temple period describes the history of the city during the existence there of the Second Temple, from the return to Zion under Cyrus the Great (c. 538 BCE) to the siege and destruction the city by Titus during the First Jewish–Roman War in 70 CE. [1]
Despite the common misconception, Eleazar ben Simon the Zealot is not the same person as Eleazar ben Ya'ir, the Sicarii leader at Masada.In Josephus' Bellum Judaicum, the primary source of the First Jewish-Roman War, important historical figures are introduced with their patrimonial name when they first appear, and addressed by first name in all following appearances.