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Earthquakes with a magnitude 4.5 and over (1900–2015). The yellow star is the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. This is a List of earthquakes in China, part of the series of lists of disasters in China. Earthquakes in the loess plateau where residents lived in yaodong caves tended to have big casualties, including the 1303 Hongdong and 1920 Haiyuan ...
The earthquakes are caused by slip along the thrust fault that forms the contact between the two plates. These interplate earthquakes are the planet's most powerful, with moment magnitudes (M w) that can exceed 9.0. [1] [2] Since 1900, all earthquakes of magnitude 9.0 or greater have been megathrust earthquakes. [3]
This meant that giant earthquakes such as the 1960 Chilean earthquake (M 9.5) were only assigned an M s 8.2. Caltech seismologist Hiroo Kanamori [ 47 ] recognized this deficiency and took the simple but important step of defining a magnitude based on estimates of radiated energy, M w , where the "w" stood for work (energy):
A 6.2 magnitude earthquake that struck Gansu in December killed 151 people and was China's deadliest quake in nine years. An earthquake that hit Sichuan in 2008 killed nearly 90,000 people.
The 2011 Tohoku earthquake was the largest earthquake ever recorded in Japan, and is the fourth largest earthquake in recorded history, a tsunami up to 40.5 m (133 ft) high caused 19,745 deaths with 6,242 people injured, and 2,556 people missing.
2008 Sichuan earthquake China: May 12: 12 2009: 8.1: 192: 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami Samoa: September 29: 17 2010: 8.8: 525: 2010 Chile earthquake Chile: February 27: 22 2011: 9.0–9.1: 19,759: 2011 TÅhoku earthquake and tsunami Japan: March 11: 20 2012: 8.6: 10: 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes Indonesia, Indian Ocean: April 11: 17 2013: ...
The following list compiles known earthquakes that have caused one or more fatalities since 1900. The list incorporates high-quality earthquake source (i.e., origin time, location and earthquake magnitude) and fatality information from several sources.
A pie chart comparing the seismic moment release of the three largest earthquakes for the hundred-year period from 1906 to 2005 with that for all earthquakes of magnitudes <6, 6 to 7, 7 to 8, and >8 for the same period. The 2011 Japan quake would be roughly similar to Sumatra. Earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 and greater from 1900 to 2018.