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  2. Open and closed maps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_and_closed_maps

    This function from the unit circle to the half-open interval [0,2π) is bijective, open, and closed, but not continuous. It shows that the image of a compact space under an open or closed map need not be compact. Also note that if we consider this as a function from the unit circle to the real numbers, then it is neither open nor closed.

  3. Disk (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disk_(mathematics)

    In geometry, a disk (also spelled disc) [1] is the region in a plane bounded by a circle. A disk is said to be closed if it contains the circle that constitutes its boundary, and open if it does not. [2] For a radius, , an open disk is usually denoted as and a closed disk is ¯.

  4. Surface (topology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_(topology)

    The closed disk is a simple example of a surface with boundary. The boundary of the disc is a circle. The term surface used without qualification refers to surfaces without boundary. In particular, a surface with empty boundary is a surface in the usual sense. A surface with empty boundary which is compact is known as a 'closed' surface.

  5. Open set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_set

    Example: the blue circle represents the set of points (x, y) satisfying x 2 + y 2 = r 2.The red disk represents the set of points (x, y) satisfying x 2 + y 2 < r 2.The red set is an open set, the blue set is its boundary set, and the union of the red and blue sets is a closed set.

  6. Clopen set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clopen_set

    In topology, a clopen set (a portmanteau of closed-open set) in a topological space is a set which is both open and closed. That this is possible may seem counterintuitive, as the common meanings of open and closed are antonyms, but their mathematical definitions are not mutually exclusive .

  7. Interval (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interval_(mathematics)

    The empty set and are the only intervals that are both open and closed. A half-open interval has two endpoints and includes only one of them. It is said left-open or right-open depending on whether the excluded endpoint is on the left or on the right. These intervals are denoted by mixing notations for open and closed intervals. [3]

  8. Here's what was in Circle Centre Mall when it first opened on September 8, 1995. Retail stores and businesses in Circle Centre Mall in 1995. Abercrombie & Fitch. Ann Taylor. Banana Republic ...

  9. Circumference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumference

    The circumference is the arc length of the circle, as if it were opened up and straightened out to a line segment. [1] More generally, the perimeter is the curve length around any closed figure. Circumference may also refer to the circle itself, that is, the locus corresponding to the edge of a disk.