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Like any chain, the chain of survival is only as strong as its weakest link. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The six interdependent links in the chain of survival are early recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and access to emergency medical care, [ 3 ] early CPR , early defibrillation, early advanced cardiac life support , and physical and emotional recovery.
Chain of survival The American Heart Association highlights the most important steps of BLS in a "five-link chain of survival." [ 11 ] The chain of survival includes early recognition of an ongoing emergency, early initiation of CPR by a bystander, early use of a defibrillator, and early advanced life support once more qualified medical help ...
EMR training is intended to fill the gap between first aid and EMT. The American Red Cross conducts a course titled "emergency medical response" that fits this definition. In the US the term "emergency medical responder" has largely replaced the term "certified first responder" or "medical first responder" beginning in 2012.
During a medical emergency in which a patient is no longer breathing and does not have a pulse, survival is predicated on adherence to the chain of survival, which has four components: Early access to emergency care; Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Early defibrillation; Early advanced life support (ALS)
[2] [3] Because most EMS systems don't measure their response effectively, they are unable to implement change in an effective manner. [4] Since the program's inception, survival from cardiac arrest in the city of Atlanta has increased from 3% to 15%. [5] For the last half of 2007, survival in Atlanta increased to 31.2%. [6]
Relatively lower survival to hospital discharge rates have been observed in Asian countries. [144] Prognosis is typically assessed 72 hours or more after cardiac arrest. [145] Rates of survival are better in those who had someone witness their collapse, received bystander CPR, and/or had either V-fib or V-tach when assessed. [146]
EMT-Intermediate (state specific, phased out by Sept. 30 2013 however any EMT with this certification before Sept. 30 2013 could still be an intermediate and by the next recert cycle had to switch to AEMT) [56] EMT-Intermediate Advanced (analogous to EMT-Intermediate/99, phased out by Sept. 30, 2013 ) [56]
An emergency medical technician (often, more simply, EMT) is a medical professional that provides emergency medical services. [1] [2] EMTs are most commonly found serving on ambulances and in fire departments in the US and Canada, as full-time and some part-time departments require their firefighters to at least be EMT certified.