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Like any chain, the chain of survival is only as strong as its weakest link. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The six interdependent links in the chain of survival are early recognition of sudden cardiac arrest and access to emergency medical care, [ 3 ] early CPR , early defibrillation, early advanced cardiac life support , and physical and emotional recovery.
Chain of survival The American Heart Association highlights the most important steps of BLS in a "five-link chain of survival." [ 11 ] The chain of survival includes early recognition of an ongoing emergency, early initiation of CPR by a bystander, early use of a defibrillator, and early advanced life support once more qualified medical help ...
During a medical emergency in which a patient is no longer breathing and does not have a pulse, survival is predicated on adherence to the chain of survival, which has four components: Early access to emergency care; Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Early defibrillation; Early advanced life support (ALS)
This training can be completed in twenty-four to sixty hours. This training can be conducted by an EMT-basic with some field experience, which is a resource available in-house for many volunteer fire departments which do not have the resources or funds to conduct full EMT training. EMR training is intended to fill the gap between first aid and EMT.
[2] [3] Because most EMS systems don't measure their response effectively, they are unable to implement change in an effective manner. [4] Since the program's inception, survival from cardiac arrest in the city of Atlanta has increased from 3% to 15%. [5] For the last half of 2007, survival in Atlanta increased to 31.2%. [6]
Relatively lower survival to hospital discharge rates have been observed in Asian countries. [144] Prognosis is typically assessed 72 hours or more after cardiac arrest. [145] Rates of survival are better in those who had someone witness their collapse, received bystander CPR, and/or had either V-fib or V-tach when assessed. [146]
Chances of survival from a SCA decrease by 7–10% every minute that a victim does not receive defibrillation. [3] Attempts at reducing time until defibrillation have largely focused on improving traditional emergency medical service (EMS) responders and implementing publicly available defibrillator (PAD) programs. [4]
Emergency Medical Responder (Not recognized by the Arkansas Department of Health, certification issued by local EMS Authorities and/or the Arkansas Fire Training Academy) [5] Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) [6] Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT) [6] Paramedic [6] Community Paramedic [5]
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