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European settlers first settled in Maryland in 1634, but as the century progressed, violence and hostility between Indigenous peoples and European settlers increased. Various treaties and reservations were established in 17th and 18th century, but many Native peoples left the area in the mid-to-late 18th century.
The first Africans in Virginia were from parts of Angola that were settled by the Portuguese since the late 15th Century. Many were multilingual and baptized. This creolization is attributed as the possible reason why some were able to gain freedom in colonial Virginia and Maryland. [18]
According to historical tradition, the first settlers of the Maryland colony purchased the land for their settlement at St. Mary's City from the Yaocomico, who had a settlement in the area. [1] In 1634, Leonard Calvert , the first governor of the Maryland colony, met the Yaocomico along the Potomac below the island the Europeans had named St ...
Colonists' encroachment on their lands created constant problems. From 1660 to 1673, the Wicocomico frequently challenged colonists in court over land disputes. Although most disputes were settled in favor of the Wicocomico, by 1719 they retained only 1,700 acres (6.9 km 2) of their original 4,400-acre (18 km 2) reservation.
The Free People of Color of New Orleans: An Introduction. Margaret Media, Inc. ISBN 9781508483670. Clark, Emily (2013). The Strange History of the American Quadroon: Free Women of Color in the Revolutionary Atlantic World. The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9781469607528. Dominguez, Virginia (1986).
The Spanish succeeded in founding a stable settlement in 1565 at St. Augustine, Florida, the first founded by Europeans in what would become the United States of America. In 1566, they established a military outpost and the first Jesuit mission in Florida on an island near Mound Key , called San Antonio de Carlos .
The Chaptico, also known as the Cecomocomoco, [1] were a group of Native Americans who lived along the Southwestern shore of the Chesapeake Bay in what is today St. Mary's County, Maryland. They were loosely dominated by the Patuxent in the pre-colonial time.
The colonial families of Maryland were the leading families in the Province of Maryland. Several also had interests in the Colony of Virginia , and the two are sometimes referred to as the Chesapeake Colonies .