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In experimental and applied particle physics, nuclear physics, and nuclear engineering, a particle detector, also known as a radiation detector, is a device used to detect, track, and/or identify ionizing particles, such as those produced by nuclear decay, cosmic radiation, or reactions in a particle accelerator. Detectors can measure the ...
In physics, particle detectors are used in the experimental study of radioactivity, nuclear physics and particle physics; they are also important as a surveillance tool in nuclear safety. Particle detectors may range from the simplest, such as photographic film and Geiger counters , to the most complex used in particle colliders .
Cryogenic particle detectors operate at very low temperature, typically only a few degrees above absolute zero. These sensors interact with an energetic elementary particle (such as a photon ) and deliver a signal that can be related to the type of particle and the nature of the interaction.
The MicroMegas detector (Micro-Mesh Gaseous Structure) is a gaseous particle detector and an advancement of the wire chamber.Invented in 1996 by Georges Charpak and Ioannis Giomataris, [1] Micromegas detectors are mainly used in experimental physics, in particular in particle physics, nuclear physics and astrophysics for the detection of ionizing particles.
A spark chamber is a particle detector: a device used in particle physics for detecting electrically charged particles. They were most widely used as research tools from the 1930s to the 1960s and have since been superseded by other technologies such as drift chambers and silicon detectors. Today, working spark chambers are mostly found in ...
The ring-imaging detection technique was first proposed by Jacques Séguinot and Tom Ypsilantis, working at CERN in 1977. [1] Their research and development, of high precision single-photon detectors and related optics, lay the foundations for the design [2] [3] development [4] and construction of the first large-scale Particle Physics RICH detectors, at CERN's OMEGA facility [5] [6] [7] and ...
CMS is designed as a general-purpose detector, capable of studying many aspects of proton collisions at 0.9–13.6 TeV, the center-of-mass energy of the LHC particle accelerator. The CMS detector is built around a huge solenoid magnet.
In physics, a time projection chamber (TPC) is a type of particle detector that uses a combination of electric fields and magnetic fields together with a sensitive volume of gas or liquid to perform a three-dimensional reconstruction of a particle trajectory or interaction.