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Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are used in home aquaria and for fish production where water exchange is limited and the use of biofiltration is required to reduce ammonia toxicity. [1] Other types of filtration and environmental control are often also necessary to maintain clean water and provide a suitable habitat for fish. [2]
Fish waste is often discarded in landfills and into coastal waters. Improper mitigation of waste and pollutant emotions from fish processing contributes to global warming and impacts local ecosystems. The dumping practices for solid and liquid fish waste by fish factories in particular carry damaging effects for local environments.
The treatment of waste water issuing from raceway farms is a major concern. Fish fecal matter and uneaten feed are typically the major elements of solid waste produced in raceway aquaculture farms. These can adversely impact the environment in the receiving water body. [19] [21] Of particular environmental concern is the waste product phosphorus.
An automated vacuum waste collection system, also known as pneumatic refuse collection, or automated vacuum collection (AVAC), transports waste at high speeds through underground pneumatic tubes to a collection station where the waste is compacted and sealed in containers. Full containers are transported away to be emptied.
Seven permits issued by the EPA in 1973 for the period of May 1 to November 1 allowed for the disposal of 84,500 tons of uncontained waste at Site A and 208,500 waste barrels at Site B, of which 55,000 barrels contained chlorinated hydrocarbons. By July 1973, four companies with plants at 7 locations were using Sites A and B (NAS, 1975).
A waste converter is a machine used for the treatment and recycling of solid and liquid refuse material. A converter is a self-contained system capable of performing the following functions: pasteurization of organic waste; sterilization of pathogenic or biohazard waste; grinding and pulverization of refuse into unrecognizable output; trash compaction; dehydration.
Envipco Holding N.V., commonly known as Envipco, is an automated recycling technology production company. It focuses on reverse vending machines. The company operates globally. Envipco is headquartered in Amersfoort, Netherlands. Envipco stands for Environmental Products Corporation. [citation needed]
Solid waste can be recycled in fish meal plants or it can be treated as municipal waste. [14] Liquid wastes: include bloodwater and brine from drained storage tanks, and water discharges from washing and cleaning. This waste may need holding temporarily, and should be disposed of without damage to the environment.