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Native heparin is a polymer with a molecular weight ranging from 3 to 30 kDa, although the average molecular weight of most commercial heparin preparations is in the range of 12 to 15 kDa. [60] Heparin is a member of the glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates (which includes the closely related molecule heparan sulfate ) and consists of a ...
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is a class of anticoagulant medications. [1] They are used in the prevention of blood clots and, in the treatment of venous thromboembolism ( deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism ), and the treatment of myocardial infarction .
Dalteparin is a low molecular weight heparin.It is marketed as Fragmin.Like other low molecular weight heparins, dalteparin is used for prophylaxis or treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism to reduce the risk of a stroke or heart attack. [2]
It exists in two main forms: an "unfractionated" form that can be injected under the skin (subcutaneously) or through an intravenous infusion, and a "low molecular weight" form that is generally given subcutaneously. Commonly used low molecular weight heparins are enoxaparin, dalteparin, nadroparin and tinzaparin. [5] [6]
Taurolidine/heparin, sold under the brand name Defencath, is a fixed-dose combination catheter lock solution used for central venous catheter instillation. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It contains taurolidine , a thiadiazinane antimicrobial; and heparin , an anti-coagulant .
Antithrombin inactivates its physiological target enzymes, Thrombin, Factor Xa and Factor IXa with rate constants of 7–11 x 10 3, 2.5 x 10 3 M −1 s −1 and 1 x 10 M −1 s −1 respectively. [ 5 ] [ 24 ] The rate of antithrombin-thrombin inactivation increases to 1.5 - 4 x 10 7 M −1 s −1 in the presence of heparin, i.e. the reaction is ...
This generates an extraordinary amount of variability between molecules of heparin. [6] Current USP standards for heparin limit levels of contamination with dermatan, chondroitin, and over-sulfated chondroitin sulfate, as well as galactosamine levels in the sample, as determined by HPLC, H-NMR, and Strong Anion Exchange Chromatography. [7] [8]
Activated clotting time (ACT), also known as activated coagulation time, is a test of coagulation. [1] [2]The ACT test can be used to monitor anticoagulation effects, such as from high-dose heparin before, during, and shortly after procedures that require intense anticoagulant administration, such as cardiac bypass, interventional cardiology, thrombolysis, extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation ...