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A graph with a loop on vertex 1. In graph theory, a loop (also called a self-loop or a buckle) is an edge that connects a vertex to itself. A simple graph contains no loops. Depending on the context, a graph or a multigraph may be defined so as to either allow or disallow the presence of loops (often in concert with allowing or disallowing ...
The choosability (or list colorability or list chromatic number) ch(G) of a graph G is the least number k such that G is k-choosable. More generally, for a function f assigning a positive integer f(v) to each vertex v, a graph G is f-choosable (or f-list-colorable) if it has a list coloring no matter how one assigns a list of f(v) colors to ...
The loop is: reinforcing if, after going around the loop, one ends up with the same result as the initial assumption. balancing if the result contradicts the initial assumption. Or to put it in other words: reinforcing loops have an even number of negative links (zero also is even, see example below) balancing loops have an odd number of ...
Line chart showing the population of the town of Pushkin, Saint Petersburg from 1800 to 2010, measured at various intervals. A line chart or line graph, also known as curve chart, [1] is a type of chart that displays information as a series of data points called 'markers' connected by straight line segments. [2]
For each natural number n, the edgeless graph (or empty graph) K n of order n is the graph with n vertices and zero edges. An edgeless graph is occasionally referred to as a null graph in contexts where the order-zero graph is not permitted. [1] [2] It is a 0-regular graph.
This graph draws one or more independent numeric data series as lines. The data must be stored on Commons' Data namespace or come from Wikidata Query Service. Template parameters Parameter Description Type Status Table type tabletype Specifies the type of the table data. "tab" (default) uses data namespace on commons, without the data: prefix. "query" sends request to wikidata query service ...
In graph theory, reachability refers to the ability to get from one vertex to another within a graph. A vertex s {\displaystyle s} can reach a vertex t {\displaystyle t} (and t {\displaystyle t} is reachable from s {\displaystyle s} ) if there exists a sequence of adjacent vertices (i.e. a walk ) which starts with s {\displaystyle s} and ends ...
This is the minimum number of crossings among all drawings of this graph, so the graph has crossing number cr(G) = 3. In graph theory, the crossing number cr(G) of a graph G is the lowest number of edge crossings of a plane drawing of the graph G. For instance, a graph is planar if and only if its crossing number is zero. Determining the ...