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Graph homomorphism problem [3]: GT52 Graph partition into subgraphs of specific types (triangles, isomorphic subgraphs, Hamiltonian subgraphs, forests, perfect matchings) are known NP-complete. Partition into cliques is the same problem as coloring the complement of the given graph. A related problem is to find a partition that is optimal terms ...
Often, the problem is to decompose a graph into subgraphs isomorphic to a fixed graph; for instance, decomposing a complete graph into Hamiltonian cycles. Other problems specify a family of graphs into which a given graph should be decomposed, for instance, a family of cycles, or decomposing a complete graph K n into n − 1 specified trees ...
The graph of a function on its own does not determine the codomain. It is common [3] to use both terms function and graph of a function since even if considered the same object, they indicate viewing it from a different perspective. Graph of the function () = over the interval [−2,+3]. Also shown are the two real roots and the local minimum ...
In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a graph labeling is the assignment of labels, traditionally represented by integers, to edges and/or vertices of a graph. [1] Formally, given a graph G = (V, E), a vertex labeling is a function of V to a set of labels; a graph with such a function defined is called a vertex-labeled graph.
A graph with three vertices and three edges. A graph (sometimes called an undirected graph to distinguish it from a directed graph, or a simple graph to distinguish it from a multigraph) [4] [5] is a pair G = (V, E), where V is a set whose elements are called vertices (singular: vertex), and E is a set of unordered pairs {,} of vertices, whose elements are called edges (sometimes links or lines).
Some classes of matroid have been defined from well-known families of graphs, by phrasing a characterization of these graphs in terms that make sense more generally for matroids. These include the bipartite matroids, in which every circuit is even, and the Eulerian matroids, which can be partitioned into disjoint circuits.
The complete list of all free trees on 2, 3, and 4 labeled vertices: = tree with 2 vertices, = trees with 3 vertices, and = trees with 4 vertices.. In combinatorics, an area of mathematics, graph enumeration describes a class of combinatorial enumeration problems in which one must count undirected or directed graphs of certain types, typically as a function of the number of vertices of the ...
Epigraph of a function A function (in black) is convex if and only if the region above its graph (in green) is a convex set.This region is the function's epigraph. In mathematics, the epigraph or supergraph [1] of a function: [,] valued in the extended real numbers [,] = {} is the set = {(,) : ()} consisting of all points in the Cartesian product lying on or above the function's graph. [2]