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  2. 1980s-1990s Romanian orphans phenomenon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980s-1990s_Romanian...

    Its consequences were most felt with the collapse of the regime's social safety net during the 1980's Romanian austerity period, which led to widespread institutional neglect of the needs of orphans, with severe consequences in their health, including high rates of HIV infection in children, and well-being.

  3. Absence of good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absence_of_good

    The absence of good (Latin: privatio boni), also known as the privation theory of evil, [1] is a theological and philosophical doctrine that evil, unlike good, is insubstantial, so that thinking of it as an entity is misleading. Instead, evil is rather the absence, or lack ("privation"), of good. [2][3][4] This also means that everything that ...

  4. Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protection_of_Women_from...

    The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005 [a] is an Act of the Parliament of India enacted to protect women from domestic violence. The law came into force on 26 October 2006. For the first time in Indian law, the Act defines "domestic violence", with the definition being broad and including not only physical violence, but also ...

  5. Incorporation of the Bill of Rights - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incorporation_of_the_Bill...

    t. e. In United States constitutional law, incorporation is the doctrine by which portions of the Bill of Rights have been made applicable to the states. When the Bill of Rights was ratified, the courts held that its protections extended only to the actions of the federal government and that the Bill of Rights did not place limitations on the ...

  6. Servitude in civil law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servitude_in_civil_law

    A servitude is a qualified beneficial interest severed or fragmented from the ownership of an inferior property (servient estate) and attached to a superior property (dominant estate) or to some person (personal beneficiary) other than the owner. [1] At civil law, ownership (dominium) (e.g. of land) is the only full real right whereas a ...

  7. Statutory interpretation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutory_interpretation

    Statutory interpretation is the process by which a court looks at a statute and determines what it means. A statute, which is a bill or law passed by the legislature, imposes obligations and rules on the people. Although legislature makes the Statute, it may be open to interpretation and have ambiguities.

  8. Private law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_law

    Private law. Private law is that part of a legal system that governs interactions between individual persons. It is distinguished from public law, which deals with relationships between both natural and artificial persons (i.e., organizations) and the state, including regulatory statutes, penal law and other law that affects the public order.

  9. Personal jurisdiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_jurisdiction

    Personal jurisdiction is a court's jurisdiction over the parties, as determined by the facts in evidence, which bind the parties to a lawsuit, as opposed to subject-matter jurisdiction, which is jurisdiction over the law involved in the suit. Without personal jurisdiction over a party, a court's rulings or decrees cannot be enforced upon that ...