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Classical classification of human disease derives from the observational correlation between pathological analysis and clinical syndromes. Today it is preferred to classify them by their cause if it is known. [24] The most known and used classification of diseases is the World Health Organization's ICD. This is periodically updated.
In immunology, autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells, tissues and other normal body constituents. [1][2] Any disease resulting from this type of immune response is termed an "autoimmune disease". Prominent examples include celiac disease, diabetes mellitus type 1, Henoch–Schönlein purpura ...
Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop immunity from a disease. Vaccines contain a microorganism or virus in a weakened, live or killed state, or proteins or toxins from the organism. In stimulating the body's adaptive immunity, they help prevent sickness from an infectious disease.
An autoimmune disease is a condition that results from an anomalous response of the adaptive immune system, wherein it mistakenly targets and attacks healthy, functioning parts of the body as if they were foreign organisms. [1] It is estimated that there are more than 80 recognized autoimmune diseases, with recent scientific evidence suggesting ...
Zoonosis. A zoonosis (/ zoʊˈɒnəsɪs, ˌzoʊəˈnoʊsɪs / ⓘ; [1] plural zoonoses) or zoonotic disease is an infectious disease of humans caused by a pathogen (an infectious agent, such as a bacterium, virus, parasite, or prion) that can jump from a non-human vertebrate to a human. When humans infect non-humans, it is called reverse ...
Influenza B virus is almost exclusively a human pathogen, and is less common than influenza A. The only other animal known to be susceptible to influenza B infection is the seal . [ 47 ] This type of influenza mutates at a rate 2–3 times lower than type A [ 48 ] and consequently is less genetically diverse, with only one influenza B serotype ...
The term pathogen came into use in the 1880s. [ 2 ][ 3 ] Typically, the term pathogen is used to describe an infectious microorganism or agent, such as a virus, bacterium, protozoan, prion, viroid, or fungus. [ 4 ][ 5 ][ 6 ] Small animals, such as helminths and insects, can also cause or transmit disease. However, these animals are usually ...
Tuberculosis (TB), also known colloquially as the " white death ", or historically as consumption, [8] is an infectious disease usually caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria. [1] Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. [1] Most infections show no symptoms, in which case it is known ...