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Since the new constitution of Ethiopia enacted in 1995, Ethiopia's legal system consisted of federal law with bicameral legislature. [1] The House of People's Representatives (HoPR) is the lower chamber of bicameral legislature of Federal Parliamentary Assembly with 547 seats and the House of Federation with 108 seats, the former vested on executive power of Prime Minister and the Council of ...
The authority of these laws stem from traditional and local customs, evolved from traditional elder councils, which do not have legal authority. However, they can still carry out moral duty and observed in rural areas of Ethiopia such as Shemagelle in Amhara , the Bayito and Abo Gereb in Tigray , the Luba Basa in Oromia .
The Federal Supreme Court has the power of cassation over state matters which creates controversy among legal scholars and officials (lawyers and judges within the country). [8] This is the only power that is reserved for the FSC by the Constitution. [8] [2] There is a panel of five or more federal judges that make the decision. [2]
The Ethiopian constitution does not mention the Attorney General is fully independent, instead it is accountable for political institution. [ 3 ] The first Attorney General was Getachew Ambaye, who previously served as the minister of Justice and the predecessor administrative of the Attorney General in 2016 until 2018. [ 4 ]
The Federal First Instance Court (Amharic: የፌድራል የመጀመሪያ ደረጃ ፍርድ ቤት) is the first-level court division in Ethiopia.The FDRE Constitution delegates judicial jurisdiction to the First Instance Court, along with the High Court and State Courts.
Until the adoption of the first of these constitutions, the concepts of Ethiopian government had been codified in the Kebra Nagast (which presented the concept that the legitimacy of the Emperor of Ethiopia was based on its asserted descent from king Solomon of ancient Israel), and the Fetha Nagast (a legal code used in Ethiopia at least as ...
The Federal High Court of Ethiopia (Amharic: የፌድራል ከፍተኛ ፍርድ ቤት) is the second-level court division in Ethiopia.The FDRE Constitution delegates judicial jurisdiction to the Federal High Court, along with the First Instance and State Courts.
The constitution consists of 106 articles in 11 chapters. Articles I-VII contains general provisions on matters of nomenclature of state, territorial jurisdiction, and the Ethiopian flag; Articles VIII-XII describe sovereignty, the supremacy of the constitution, democratic rights, separation of state and religion, and accountability of the government.