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Tilapia (/ t ɪ ˈ l ɑː p i ə / tih-LAH-pee-ə) is the common name for nearly a hundred species of cichlid fish from the coelotilapine, coptodonine, heterotilapine, oreochromine, pelmatolapiine, and tilapiine tribes (formerly all were "Tilapiini"), with the economically most important species placed in the Coptodonini and Oreochromini. [2]
Tilapia tilapinevirus, or Tilapia lake virus (TiLV), is a negative-strand RNA virus that infects both wild and aquacultured populations of tilapia. [2] It is the only species in the monotypic genus Tilapinevirus, which in turn is the only genus in the family Amnoonviridae. [3]
The Otjikoto tilapia (Tilapia guinasana) is a critically endangered species of cichlid fish endemic to Namibia where it was originally only found in Lake Guinas. [1] [2] This very small sinkhole lake contains quite clear water that generally ranges between 18–25 °C (64–77 °F) depending on season, [3] and the Otjikoto tilapia has been seen down to depths of 67 m (220 ft). [1]
Alcolapia grahami, the Lake Magadi tilapia or Graham's cichlid, is a vulnerable species of fish in the family Cichlidae. It is specialised to live in hot, alkaline waters in springs and lagoons around hypersaline lakes.
Oreochromis variabilis, the Victoria tilapia, is a species of African cichlid native to Lake Victoria and its tributaries, Lake Kyoga, Lake Kwania, and Lake Bisina (Salisbury), as well as being found in the Victoria Nile above Murchison Falls. This species can reach a standard length of 30 cm (12 in).
The Lake Chala tilapia (Oreochromis hunteri) is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to Lake Chala, a small crater lake on the border of Kenya and Rombo District of Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania. [1] [2] It mostly lives in relatively deep water, at depths between 20–45 m (66–148 ft). [3]
The second group, the tilapia, comprises only six species in two genera in Lake Malawi: The redbreast tilapia (Coptodon rendalli), a widespread African species, is the only substrate-spawning cichlid in the lake. [10] [66] This large cichlid mainly feeds on macrophytes.
Oreochromis esculentus, the Singida tilapia or Graham's tilapia, is a species of cichlid endemic to the Lake Victoria basin, including some of its satellite lakes such as Kyoga, in Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya. [1] Its common name refers to Lake Singida, but this population is the result of an introduction that happened in the 1950s. [2]