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  2. Vertebral column - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebral_column

    The vertebral column, also known as the spinal column, spine or backbone, is the core part of the axial skeleton in vertebrate animals.The vertebral column is the defining and eponymous characteristic of the vertebrate endoskeleton, where the notochord (an elastic collagen-wrapped glycoprotein rod) found in all chordates has been replaced by a segmented series of mineralized irregular bones ...

  3. Human back - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_back

    The human back, also called the dorsum (pl.: dorsa), is the large posterior area of the human body, rising from the top of the buttocks to the back of the neck. [1] It is the surface of the body opposite from the chest and the abdomen. The vertebral column runs the length of the back and

  4. Vertebra - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebra

    This reduction in number gives an inability of the lumbar spine to lordose but gives an anatomy that favours vertical climbing, and hanging ability more suited to feeding locations in high-canopied regions. [34] The bonobo differs by having four lumbar vertebrae. Caudal vertebrae are the bones that make up the tails of vertebrates. [35]

  5. Lumbar vertebrae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar_vertebrae

    The lumbar vertebrae are located between the thoracic vertebrae and pelvis. They form the lower part of the back in humans, and the tail end of the back in quadrupeds. In humans, there are five lumbar vertebrae. The term is used to describe the anatomy of humans and quadrupeds, such as horses, pigs, or cattle.

  6. Lumbar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lumbar

    The lumbar region is sometimes referred to as the lower spine, or as an area of the back in its proximity.. In human anatomy the five lumbar vertebrae (vertebrae in the lumbar region of the back) are the largest and strongest in the movable part of the spinal column, and can be distinguished by the absence of a foramen in the transverse process, and by the absence of facets on the sides of the ...

  7. Spinal cord - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_cord

    Sectional organization of spinal cord. The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. [3] [4] Much shorter than its protecting spinal column, the human spinal cord originates in the brainstem, passes through the foramen magnum, and continues through to the conus medullaris near the second lumbar vertebra before terminating in a fibrous ...

  8. Cervical vertebrae - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_vertebrae

    The atlas (C1) is the topmost vertebra, and along with the axis forms the joint connecting the skull and spine. It lacks a vertebral body, spinous process, and discs either superior or inferior to it. It is ring-like and consists of an anterior arch, posterior arch, and two lateral masses. The axis (C2) forms the pivot on which the atlas rotates.

  9. Sacrum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrum

    The sacrum (pl.: sacra or sacrums [1]), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of the sacral vertebrae (S1–S5) between ages 18 and 30. [2] The sacrum situates at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity, between the two wings of the pelvis. It forms joints with four other bones.

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