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  2. Glossary of mathematical jargon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

    One can also speak of "almost all" integers having a property to mean "all except finitely many", despite the integers not admitting a measure for which this agrees with the previous usage. For example, "almost all prime numbers are odd". There is a more complicated meaning for integers as well, discussed in the main article.

  3. Odds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odds

    The true odds against winning for each of the three horses are 1–1, 3–2 and 9–1, respectively. In order to generate a profit on the wagers accepted, the bookmaker may decide to increase the values to 60%, 50% and 20% for the three horses, respectively. This represents the odds against each, which are 4–6, 1–1 and 4–1, in order.

  4. Mathematics of bookmaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics_of_bookmaking

    Fractional odds are written a − b (a/b or a to b), meaning a winning bettor will receive their money back plus a units for every b units they bet. Decimal odds are a single value, greater than 1, representing the amount to be paid out for each unit bet. For example, a bet of £40 at 6 − 4 (fractional odds) will pay out £40 + £60 = £100.

  5. List of idioms of improbability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_idioms_of...

    Мало сутра (malo sutra), literally "a little bit tomorrow", has a similar meaning as "all my eye". Seychellois Creole, also known as Kreol or Seselwa (creole spoken in Seychelles) – lannen de mil zanmen is used, which means "year two thousand and never". It is a fairly new expression used mainly among the youth.

  6. Law of averages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_averages

    The gambler's fallacy is a particular misapplication of the law of averages in which the gambler believes that a particular outcome is more likely because it has not happened recently, or (conversely) that because a particular outcome has recently occurred, it will be less likely in the immediate future.

  7. List of mathematical examples - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_examples

    This page will attempt to list examples in mathematics. To qualify for inclusion, an article should be about a mathematical object with a fair amount of concreteness. Usually a definition of an abstract concept, a theorem, or a proof would not be an "example" as the term should be understood here (an elegant proof of an isolated but particularly striking fact, as opposed to a proof of a ...

  8. Proof by contradiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_by_contradiction

    A typical example is the proof of the proposition "there is no smallest positive rational number": assume there is a smallest positive rational number q and derive a contradiction by observing that ⁠ q / 2 ⁠ is even smaller than q and still positive.

  9. Odds algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odds_algorithm

    In decision theory, the odds algorithm (or Bruss algorithm) is a mathematical method for computing optimal strategies for a class of problems that belong to the domain of optimal stopping problems. Their solution follows from the odds strategy , and the importance of the odds strategy lies in its optimality, as explained below.