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Space research is scientific study carried out in outer space, and by studying outer space. From the use of space technology to the observable universe , space research is a wide research field . Earth science , materials science , biology , medicine , and physics all apply to the space research environment.
The Space Physics Research Laboratory at the University of Michigan built the main power supply, command and data handling unit, valve and heater controller, filament/bias controller, and high voltage module. The uncooled infrared detectors were developed and provided by the Polish company VIGO Photonics.
The primary fields of research include human research, space medicine, life sciences, physical sciences, astronomy and meteorology. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The 2005 NASA Authorization Act designated the American segment of the International Space Station as a national laboratory with the goal of increasing the use of the ISS by other federal agencies and ...
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory built the Galileo spacecraft and managed the Galileo program for NASA. West Germany's Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm supplied the propulsion module. NASA's Ames Research Center managed the atmospheric probe, which was built by Hughes Aircraft Company. At launch, the orbiter and probe together had a mass of 2,562 kg ...
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is a robotic space probe mission to Mars launched by NASA on November 26, 2011, [2] which successfully landed Curiosity, a Mars rover, in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012. [ 3 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 ] The overall objectives include investigating Mars' habitability , studying its climate and geology , and collecting data ...
A lander is a spacecraft that descends towards, then comes to rest on the surface of an astronomical body other than Earth. [1] [page needed] In contrast to an impact probe, which makes a hard landing that damages or destroys the probe upon reaching the surface, a lander makes a soft landing after which the probe remains functional.
The Parker Solar Probe concept originates in the 1958 report by the Fields and Particles Group, Committee 8 of the National Academy of Sciences' Space Science Board, [18] [19] [20] which proposed several space missions including "a solar probe to pass inside the orbit of Mercury to study the particles and fields in the vicinity of the Sun".
The plains of Pluto, as seen by New Horizons after its nearly 10-year voyage. Remotely guided space probes have flown by all of the observed planets of the Solar System from Mercury to Neptune, with the New Horizons probe having flown by the dwarf planet Pluto and the Dawn spacecraft currently orbiting the dwarf planet Ceres.