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The Four Cardinal Principles (Chinese: 四项基本原则; pinyin: Sì-xiàng Jīběn Yuánzé) were stated by Deng Xiaoping in March 1979 at the CCP Theory Conference, during the early phase of Reform and Opening-up, and are the four issues for which debate was not allowed within the People's Republic of China. [1] [2] [3] The Four Cardinal ...
In a speech in 1934, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek invoked the importance of the four principles as a guide for the New Life Movement. [5] The movement was an attempt to reintroduce Confucian principles into everyday life in China as a means to create national unity and act as a bulwark against communism.
To preserve ideological unity, Deng Xiaoping Theory formulated "Four Cardinal Principles" [23] which the CCP must uphold: [24] the "basic spirit of communism"; the political system of the PRC, known as the people's democratic dictatorship; the leadership of the Communist Party, and; Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.
The Theory Conference of 1979 was a gathering of Chinese Communist Party cadres and theoreticians that took place between December 18 and December 22, 1978, at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, during which Deng Xiaoping’s leadership was officially consolidated and Hu Yaobang was elevated to the Politburo.
The term dates back to 1979, when Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping, who mentioned it during a March 1979 speech about the Four Cardinal Principles. [1]It became a standalone phrase in its own right under CCP general secretary Xi Jinping when, in April 2021, the People's Daily launched several articles on "dissecting Chinese-style modernization", leading rest of the Chinese state media to do the ...
In addition, in order to maintain the one-party state in China for the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), Deng proposed the "Four Cardinal Principles" at the CCP Theory Conference in March 1979, which soon became the limit of political liberalization in mainland China and were incorporated in the Constitution of China (1982). [151]
It functions to protect the interest of the CCP on the basis of the party line and the ideological concept of the Four Cardinal Principles. [ 54 ] United Front Work Department (UFWD) — Responsible for increasing the party's support base outside its direct purview, in the business community and civil organizations, including eight officially ...
The cat theory was revived after Deng Xiaoping became the paramount leader of China in December 1978, when he and his allies launched the "Reform and Opening" of China.[8] [12] [14] After the Tiananmen Square protests in 1989, the reform and opening program went into stagnation, and there were fears and concerns within the Chinese Communist Party that further reforms may turn China into a ...