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An Earth mass (denoted as M 🜨, M ♁ or M E, where 🜨 and ♁ are the astronomical symbols for Earth), is a unit of mass equal to the mass of the planet Earth.The current best estimate for the mass of Earth is M 🜨 = 5.9722 × 10 24 kg, with a relative uncertainty of 10 −4. [2]
Non-zero coefficients C n m, S n m correspond to a lack of rotational symmetry around the polar axis for the mass distribution of Earth, i.e. to a "tri-axiality" of Earth. For large values of n the coefficients above (that are divided by r (n + 1) in ) take very large values when for example kilometers and seconds are used as units. In the ...
Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) is a heliophysics Mission of Opportunity (MOU) for NASA's Explorers program. [6] Led by Richard Eastes at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, which is located at the University of Colorado Boulder, GOLD 's mission is to image the boundary between Earth and space in order to answer questions about the effects of solar and ...
Sun–Earth L 1: ESA, NASA: Orbiting near L 1 since 1996. Operational as of 2020. [27] WIND: Sun–Earth L 1: NASA: Arrived at L 1 in 2004 with fuel for 60 years. Operational as of 2019. [28] Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Sun–Earth L 2: NASA: Arrived at L 2 in 2001. Mission ended 2010, [29] then sent to solar orbit outside L 2. [30]
It is approximately equal to the mean Earth–Sun distance. It was formerly defined as that length for which the Gaussian gravitational constant (k) takes the value 0.017 202 098 95 when the units of measurement are the astronomical units of length, mass and time. [1] The dimensions of k 2 are those of the constant of gravitation (G), i.e., L 3 ...
It was one of the first Earth observation satellites developed by NASA in response to the National Research Council's Decadal Survey. [6] [7] NASA invested US$916 million in the design, development, launch, and operations of the program. [8] An early fault in a radar power supply limited the resolution of the radar data collected from 2015 onwards.
Echo 1 was 30 m (98 ft) in diameter, had a non-rigid skin made of 12.7 μm (0.00050 in)-thick Mylar, and had a total mass of 180 kg (400 lb), weighing 71 kg (157 lb) at launch. During ground inflation tests, 18,000 kg (40,000 lb) of air were needed to fill the balloon, but while in orbit, several pounds of gas were all that was required to fill ...
Data from the GRACE satellites is an important tool for studying Earth's ocean, geology, and climate. GRACE was a collaborative endeavor involving the Center for Space Research at the University of Texas at Austin, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the German Aerospace Center and Germany's National Research Center for Geosciences, Potsdam. [10]