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Leydig cells release a class of hormones called androgens (19-carbon steroids). [8] They secrete testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), when stimulated by the luteinizing hormone (LH), which is released from the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin releasing hormone which in turn is released by the hypothalamus.
In males, where LH had also been called interstitial cell–stimulating hormone (ICSH), [5] it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. [4] It acts synergistically with follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ).
LH binds to the interstitial cells, causing them to secrete testosterone. Testosterone is required for normal spermatogenesis and inhibits the hypothalamus. Inhibin is produced by the spermatogenic cells, which, also through inactivating activin, inhibits the hypothalamus. After puberty these hormones levels remain relatively constant.
Interstitial cell refers to any cell that lies in the spaces between the functional cells of a tissue. Examples include: Interstitial cell of Cajal (ICC) Leydig cells, cells present in the male testes responsible for the production of androgen (male sex hormone) A portion of the stroma of ovary; Certain cells in the pineal gland; Renal ...
In the male the LHCGR has been identified on the Leydig cells that are critical for testosterone production, and support spermatogenesis. Normal LHCGR functioning is critical for male fetal development, as the fetal Leydig cells produce androstenedione which is converted to testosterone in fetal Sertoli cells to induce masculinization.
Testosterone. After the testes have differentiated, male sex hormones, called androgens, are secreted from interstitial cells (cells of Leydig). The major androgens secreted by these cells is testosterone and secretion begins 8 to 10 weeks after conception.
Between tubules (interstitial cells) exist Leydig cells [10] – cells localized between seminiferous tubules that produce and secrete testosterone and other androgens important for puberty (including secondary sexual characteristics like facial hair), sexual behavior, and libido. Sertoli cells support spermatogenesis. [11]
Testosterone is also synthesized in far smaller total quantities in women by the adrenal glands, thecal cells of the ovaries, and, during pregnancy, by the placenta. [158] In the testes, testosterone is produced by the Leydig cells. [159] The male generative glands also contain Sertoli cells, which require testosterone for spermatogenesis.
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