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Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (Malay: Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia, Jawi: جابتن كماجوان اسلام مليسيا ) or popularly known as JAKIM (جاكيم ), is a federal government agency in Malaysia that administers Islamic affairs in Malaysia. [1]
Islam Hadhari (Arabic: الإسلام الحضاري) or "Civilisational Islam" is a theory of government based on the principles of Islam as derived from the Qur'an.It was founded in Malaysia by its first prime minister Tunku Abdul Rahman in 1957 (but under a different name), [citation needed] and has been promoted by successive Malaysian governments, in particular, by ex-Prime Minister ...
Islamic modernism is a movement that has been described as "the first Muslim ideological response to the Western cultural challenge", [Note 1] attempting to reconcile the Islamic faith with values perceived as modern such as democracy, civil rights, rationality, equality, and progress. [2]
Islam [a] is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the Quran, [9] and the teachings of Muhammad. [10] Adherents of Islam are called Muslims, who are estimated to number 1.9 billion worldwide and are the world's second-largest religious population after Christians. [11] Surah al Fatiha , from the Quran.
Indonesian traditional Quranic school. The spread of Islam in Indonesia was a slow, gradual and relatively peaceful process. One theory suggests it arrived directly from Arabia before the 9th century, while another credits Sufi merchants and preachers for bringing Islam to Indonesian islands in the 12th or 13th century either from Gujarat in India or directly from the Middle East. [4]
The straight path is Islam, the two walls are the limits set by God, while the doors refer to what God has prohibited. The caller on the gate of the path is the Book of God, while the caller above the path is God’s admonishment present in the heart of every Muslim”.
Modernism/Reformism in the Indonesian context is defined by its pure adherence toward the Qur'an and Hadith, promotion of ijtihad (individual reasoning), rejection of madh'hab (Islamic schools of jurisprudence) and as well as criticism against taqlid (imitation of judicial precedence) to religious scholars, Sufism, and vernacular traditions based on syncretism with local practices.
The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".