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Acute subdural hematomas due to trauma are the most lethal of all head injuries and have a high mortality rate if they are not rapidly treated with surgical decompression. [23] The mortality rate is higher than that of epidural hematomas and diffuse brain injuries because the force required to cause subdural hematomas tends to cause other ...
Epidural hematoma involves bleeding into the area between the skull and the dura mater, the outermost of the three membranes surrounding the brain. [11] In subdural hematoma, bleeding occurs between the dura and the arachnoid mater. [23] Subarachnoid hemorrhage involves bleeding into the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater. [23]
Medical condition Subarachnoid hemorrhage Other names Subarachnoid haemorrhage CT scan of the brain showing subarachnoid hemorrhage as a white area in the center (marked by the arrow) and stretching into the sulci to either side Pronunciation / ˌ s ʌ b ə ˈ r æ k n ɔɪ d ˈ h ɛ m ər ɪ dʒ / Specialty Neurosurgery, Neurology Symptoms Severe headache of rapid onset, vomiting, decreased ...
Hutchinson's pupil is a clinical sign in which the pupil on the side of an intracranial mass lesion is dilated and unreactive to light, [1] due to compression of the oculomotor nerve on that side. The sign is named after Sir Jonathan Hutchinson. These can be due to concussion injury to the brain and is associated with subdural haemorrhage and ...
More common in adults than in children, intraparenchymal bleeds are usually due to penetrating head trauma, but can also be due to depressed skull fractures. Acceleration-deceleration trauma, [ 24 ] [ 25 ] [ 26 ] rupture of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and bleeding within a tumor are additional causes.
Subdural hematoma maybe less acute than epidural hematoma due to slower blood accumulation, but it still has the potential to cause brain herniation that may require surgical evacuation. [3] Clinical features depend on the site of injury and severity of injury. Patients may have a history of loss of consciousness but they recover and do not ...
Cerebral edema is commonly seen in a variety of brain injuries including ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, subdural, epidural, or intracerebral hematoma, hydrocephalus, brain cancer, brain infections, low blood sodium levels, high altitude, and acute liver failure.
Chronic subdural hematomas have been known to be a familiar cause of Kernohan's notch. [7] MRIs have shown evidence of Kernohan's notch from patients with traumatic head injury that are related to acute space-occupying lesions such as subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, depressed skull fracture, or spontaneous intracerebral hematoma. [8] [9]