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The term democracy first appeared in ancient Greek political and philosophical thought in the city-state of Athens during classical antiquity. [43] [44] The word comes from dêmos '(common) people' and krátos 'force/might'. [45] Under Cleisthenes, what is generally held as the first example of a type of democracy in 508–507 BC was ...
A democracy is a political system, or a system of decision-making within an institution, organization, or state, in which members have a share of power. [2] Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities of their citizens that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government: to intervene in society and have their sovereign (e.g., their representatives) held ...
Term Description Examples Autocracy: Autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power (social and political) is concentrated in the hands of one person or polity, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control (except perhaps for the implicit threat of a coup d'état or mass insurrection).
A Albania: Socialist Party of Albania Socialist Movement for Integration Social Democratic Party of Albania Åland Islands (Finland): Åland Social Democrats Algeria: Front of Socialist Forces Andorra: Social Democratic Party Social Democracy and Progress Angola: People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) Argentina: Frente de Todos Broad Front National Alfonsinist Movement Victory ...
The history of social democracy stretches back to the 19th-century labour movement. Originally a catch-all term for socialists of varying tendencies, after the Russian Revolution, it came to refer to reformist socialists that are opposed to the authoritarian and centralized Soviet model of socialism. [8]
A direct democracy, or pure democracy, is a type of democracy where the people govern directly, by voting on laws and policies. It requires wide participation of citizens in politics. [ 4 ] Athenian democracy , or classical democracy, refers to a direct democracy developed in ancient times in the Greek city-state of Athens.
While direct democracy was the original concept, its representative version is the most widespread today. [4] Public participation, in this context, is the inclusion of the public in the activities of a polity. It can be any process that directly engages the public in decision-making and gives consideration to its input. [5]
Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism Norway: Labour Party: 1928, 1935–1965, 1971–1972, 1973–1981, 1986–1989, 1990–1997, 2000–2001, 2005–2013, 2021–present: observer Pakistan: Pakistan People's Party Poland: Polish Socialist Party: Democratic Left Alliance: 1993–1997, 2001–2005: New Left: 2024-present Portugal ...