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Male-produced sex attractants have been called aggregation pheromones, because they usually result in the arrival of both sexes at a calling site and increase the density of conspecifics surrounding the pheromone source. Most sex pheromones are produced by the females; only a small percentage of sex attractants are produced by males. [7]
Sex pheromones are a special type of olfactory signal, produced to attract the opposite sex, to encourage mating or to perform some other function closely related to sexual reproduction. While humans are highly dependent upon visual cues, smells can also play a role in sociosexual behaviors .
Pheromones are chemical messengers produced and emitted by the body that contribute significantly to interpersonal attraction. [8] The two types of pheromones include signal and primer, each playing a distinct role in human behavior. Signal pheromones act as attractants and repellents; they are classified short-term behavioral pheromones.
Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting outside the body of the secreting individual to impact the behavior of the receiving individual. [5] There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology. [6] Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition ...
Compared to other primates, humans have extensive axillary hair and have many odor producing sources, in particular many apocrine glands. [18] In humans, the apocrine glands have the ability to secrete pheromones. These steroid compounds are produced within the peroxisomes of the apocrine glands by enzymes such as mevalonate kinases. [19]
Nepetalactones are also produced by many aphids, in which they function as sex pheromones. The most common isomer in aphids is (cis,trans)-nepetalactone. Aphids also commonly produce a structurally related (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol, which is also an aphid sex pheromone. Relative concentrations of these two compounds varies among aphid species.
Sometimes biosynthesis of the pheromone occurs only when biochemical precursors in the form of certain alkaloids have been ingested from food plants. In this case, the sex pheromone simultaneously signals the presence of food sources. [47] The uptake of pheromone precursors from plants is also known for certain species of orchid bees and ...
The reproductive system of an organism, also known as the genital system, is the biological system made up of all the anatomical organs involved in sexual reproduction.Many non-living substances such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the reproductive system. [1]