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"Hypertensive" refers to high blood pressure and "nephropathy" means damage to the kidney; hence this condition is where chronic high blood pressure causes damages to kidney tissue; this includes the small blood vessels, glomeruli, kidney tubules and interstitial tissues. The tissue hardens and thickens which is known as nephrosclerosis. [2]
Judith Ann Whitworth (born 1 April 1944) is an Australian medical researcher in the areas of kidney function and blood pressure. Now an emeritus professor, she is the former director of the John Curtin School of Medical Research and Howard Florey Professor of Medical Research at the Australian National University (ANU).
A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.
Diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease [5] [6] Risk factors: Genetic predisposition, low socioeconomic status [7] Diagnostic method: Blood tests, urine tests [8] Treatment: Medications to manage blood pressure, blood sugar, and lower cholesterol, renal replacement therapy, kidney transplant [9] [10] Frequency
Each hormone acts via multiple mechanisms, but both increase the kidney's absorption of sodium chloride, thereby expanding the extracellular fluid compartment and raising blood pressure. When renin levels are elevated, the concentrations of angiotensin II and aldosterone increase, leading to increased sodium chloride reabsorption, expansion of ...
“SGLT2 inhibitors’ direct effects on the kidneys relate to blood pressure reduction, which has cardioprotective effects, especially in heart failure — increasing the efficiency of heart ...
Once blood pressure is found to be high in diabetics, there are ways to treat it: Medications like the Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) are widely used to control blood pressure in diabetics. These medications not only control blood pressure but also delay or prevent the development of kidney disease in diabetes.
Renovascular hypertension is caused by diminished blood flow to one or both kidneys. As a result, the kidneys release hormones that cause the body to retain sodium and water, leading to elevated blood pressure. There are many causes of decreased blood flow to the kidneys. These include: [5] Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis; Fibromuscular ...