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Microglia are a type of glial cell located throughout the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS). [1] Microglia account for about 10–15% of cells found within the brain. [2] As the resident macrophage cells, they act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the CNS. [3]
In the healthy central nervous system, microglia processes constantly sample all aspects of their environment (neurons, macroglia and blood vessels). In a healthy brain, microglia direct the immune response to brain damage and play an important role in the inflammation that accompanies the damage.
Microglia have been implicated in neuropathic pain. They become activated in response to nerve injury, as demonstrated by several animal models. [30] Activated microglia release substances that excite pain-sensitive neurons, including prostaglandins and reactive oxygen species, through the purinergic signaling mechanisms.
Microglia are the second most prominent cell type present within the glial scar. They are the nervous system analog of immune system macrophages.Microglia rapidly activate near the injury and secrete several cytokines, bioactive lipids, coagulation factors, reactive oxygen intermediates, and neurotrophic factors. [9]
Rfk Jr. Wants To Disrupt Our Powerful Health Care Complex And It Is Terrified. As the days pass, motivation slowly fades, and within months, most of us are back to eating fast food and stacking up ...
A new study says the flu A viral strain can adapt shape to stay infectious. Infectious disease doctors break down what this means and how to protect yourself.
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Oligodendrocytes are a type of glial cell, non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system.They arise during development from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), [8] which can be identified by their expression of a number of antigens, including the ganglioside GD3, [9] [10] [11] the NG2 chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, and the platelet-derived growth factor-alpha receptor subunit (PDGF ...