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A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]
The calibration curve that does not use the internal standard method ignores the uncertainty between measurements. The coefficient of determination (R 2) for this plot is 0.9985. In the calibration curve that uses the internal standard, the y-axis is the ratio of the nickel signal to the yttrium signal.
A calibration curve is obtained by measuring a series of standard solutions with known concentrations, which can be used to determine the concentration of an unknown sample using linear regression analysis. [12] For example, by comparing the absorbance values of a solution with an unknown concentration to a series of standard solutions with ...
[3] [4] The most common approach for accounting for matrix effects is to build a calibration curve using standard samples with known analyte concentration and which try to approximate the matrix of the sample as much as possible. [2] This is especially important for solid samples where there is a strong matrix influence. [5]
In comparison to the calibration curve method, the standard addition method has the advantage of the matrices of the unknown and standards being nearly identical. [1] This minimizes the potential bias arising from the matrix effect when determining the concentration.
A control chart is a more specific kind of run chart. The control chart is one of the seven basic tools of quality control, which also include the histogram, pareto chart, check sheet, cause and effect diagram, flowchart and scatter diagram. Control charts prevent unnecessary process adjustments, provide information about process capability ...
Serial dilution is one of the core foundational practices of homeopathy, with "succussion", or shaking, occurring between each dilution.In homeopathy, serial dilutions (called potentisation) are often taken so far that by the time the last dilution is completed, no molecules of the original substance are likely to remain.
Isotope dilution calibration plots sometimes show nonlinear relationships and in practice polynomial fitting is often performed to empirically describe such curves. [14] When calibration plots are markedly nonlinear, one can bypass the empirical polynomial fitting and employ the ratio of two linear functions (known as Padé approximant) which ...